Lifespan Development

Question 1

Studies how you change as well as how you remain the same over the course of your life.

Answer 1

Lifespan development

Question 2

3 domains of development

Answer 2

Physical

Cognitive

Psychosocial

Question 3

Continuous development

Answer 3

views development as a cumulative process, gradually improving on existing skills. With this type of development, there is gradual change.

I.e. a child’s physical growth: adding inches to height year by year.

Question 4

___________ believe that development takes place in unique stages: It occurs at specific times or ages.
With this type of development, the change is more sudden.

I.e. such as an infant’s ability to conceive object permanence.

Answer 4

Discontinuous

Question 5

All external conditions that affect a person

Answer 5

Environment (Nurture)

Question 6

Genetic transmission of physical and psychological characteristics from parents to their children (eg. DNA)

Answer 6

Heredity (nature)

Question 7

Lack of normal stimulation, nutrition, comfort, or love

Answer 7

Deprivation

Question 8

When an environment is deliberately made more complex and intellectually stimulating and emotionally supportive

Answer 8

Enrichment

Question 9

Name 4 of Newborn’s reflexes

Answer 9

Grasping reflex, rooting reflex, sucking reflex & Moro (startle) reflex

Question 10

Close emotional bond that infants form with parents, caregivers, or others

Answer 10

Emotional attachment

Question 11

The main psychosocial milestone of infancy

Answer 11

Attachment

Question 12

Crying and signs of fear when a child is left alone or is with a stranger; generally appear around 8-12 months

Answer 12

Separation anxiety

Question 13

Severe and prolonged distress displayed by children when separated from parents/caregivers.

Answer 13

Separation anxiety disorder

Question 14

Name the founder.

Wanted to know if children differ in the way they bond, and if so, why.

Used the “Strange Situation Procedure” to study attachment between mothers and their infants.

Answer 14

Mary Ainsworth

Question 15

Behave oddly, freeze, run around the room in an erratic manner, or run away when the caregiver returns.

Seen in abused kids

Answer 15

Disorganized attachment

Question 16

Stable and positive emotional bond. The child is calm when the parent returns.

Answer 16

Secure

Question 17

Anxious emotional bond; desire to be with parent or caregiver and some resistance to being reunited with mother.

Answer 17

Insecure-ambivalent

Question 18

Anxious emotional bond; does not use the parent as a secure base, tendency to avoid reunion with parent or caregiver.

Answer 18

Insecure-avoidant

Question 19

Primary psychosocial milestone of childhood

Answer 19

Self concept

Question 20

Name the parenting style:

• Rigid rules
• Demand strict obedience to authority
• Children -emotionally stiff and lacking in curiosity

Answer 20

Authoritarian parents

Question 21

Name the parenting style:

Little guidance
Too much freedom
No accountability
Children-dependent, immature, and frequently misbehave

Answer 21

Overly permissive

Question 22

Name the parenting style:

Firm and consistent guidance
Combined with love and affection
Children- competent, self-controlled, independent, & assertive(bold)

Answer 22

Authoritative

Question 23

________dilemma: Conflict between personal impulses and the social world.

Answer 23

Psychosocial

Question 24

_____development: When we acquire values, beliefs, and thinking abilities that guide responsible behavior.

Answer 24

Moral

Question 25

What are the stages in the Psychosexual theory of development?

Answer 25

Oral
Anal
Phallic
Latency
Genital

Question 26

Concepts used to help us categorize and interpret information

Answer 26

Schemata

Question 27

Stages of Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory

Answer 27

Sensorimotor
Pre-operational
Concrete operational
Formal operational

Question 28

Concept that objects still exist when they are out of sight

Toddlers do not have this

Answer 28

Object permanence

Question 29

Children begin to use language and think symbolically
Their thinking is still intuitive and egocentric

Which stage of Piaget’s concept is this?

Answer 29

Pre-operational

Question 30

Children are able to use concepts of time, space, volume, and number BUT in ways that remain simplified and concrete; not abstract

Answer 30

The Concrete Operational Stage (7-11 years)

Question 31

Thinking now includes abstract, theoretical, and hypothetical ideas

Answer 31

Formal Operational Stage (11 Years and Up)

Question 32

Name Kohlberg’s Three Levels of Moral Development

Answer 32

Pre-conventional morality
conventional morality
Post-conventional morality

Question 33

8 stages of development; each stage consists of task/conflict to resolve

Name the theory

Answer 33

Psychosocial theory of development

Question 34

Name the 8 stages of development

Answer 34

Stage One: Trust vs Mistrust (Birth – 2 years)

Stage Two: Autonomy versus Shame and Doubt (2–4 years)

Stage Three: Initiative versus Guilt (4–5 years)

Stage Four: Industry versus Inferiority (5/6–12 years)

Stage Five (Adolescence): Identity versus Role Confusion (12-19 years)

Stage Six (Young Adulthood): Intimacy versus Isolation (20-40 years)

Stage Seven (Middle Adulthood): Generativity versus Stagnation (40-65 years)

Stage Eight (Late Adulthood): Integrity versus Despair (65-death)

Question 35

Five Basic Reactions to Death

Answer 35

Denial and Isolation
Anger
Bargaining
Depression
Acceptance

Question 36

________- Discrimination or prejudice based on a person’s age
________- study aging and its effects

Answer 36

Ageism

Gerontologists

Question 37

______ abilities: Abilities requiring speed or rapid learning; based on perceptual and motor abilities; may decrease with age

Answer 37

fluid

Question 38

________ abilities: Learned (accumulated) knowledge and skills; vocabulary and basic facts. Generally increases with age.

Answer 38

Crystallized