Lifespan development Flashcards
Critical and sensitive periods
- Critical period is a limited time frame during which certain development can occur, and functioning is unable to occur due to a loss of a certain environment
- Sensitive period is a window of time where development is more easily achieved.
Continuity vs discontinuity
Continuity = gradual
Discontinuity = abrupt
Heredity vs Heritability
Heredity → The genetic transmission of characteristics from parents
Heritability → the estimation of the genetic proportion of the variation in some specific trait within a population.
Schemas
Frameworks for understanding
Two key learning processes
Assimilation → Add to/adapt current schema
Accommodation → Adding a completely new schema
Sensorimotor stage
Acquiring information only through the senses.
Forming representations of the kinds of actions that can be performed on certain objects
Object permanence → things continue to exist even they are no longer present (key milestone of stage)
Moves from reaction to action
Primary, secondary, and tertiary circular reactions
Preoperational stage
Begin to think symbolically, but not logically.
Egocentric thinking
Theory of Mind (false belief task)
Longitudinal studies
Data from the same groups of participants is collected at intervals across a long period of time.
Cross-sectional study
Data is obtained simultaneously from participants of different ages in order to make age-related comparisons.
Concrete operational stage
Development of more logical thinking; but reasoning is limited to concrete objects
Formal operational stage
- Able to think and reason abstractly
- Deduction and problem solving
What did Lev Vgostky theorize?
The key place where we should be assessing development is within the zone of proximal development, which is what the learner can do with help.
Secure attachment
Healthy
Insecure-resistant attachment
Anxious-ambivalent, fear abandonment but cannot trust their caregiver to be consistent.
Insecure avoidant attachment
Anxious-avoidant of parent
