Life Span Development (unit 5) Flashcards
teratogens
cross the placental barrier and can cause problems
ex: viruese - lost baby
drugs - “crack babies”
alcohol - fetal alcohol syndrome
fetal alcohol syndrome
physical and cognitive abnormalities in children caused by a pregnant womens drinking
-leading cause of mental retardation
zygote
after conception the fertilized egg enters a 2 week period of rapid cell division
embryo
Zygotes attaches to uterine wall and is now an embryo.
Forms organisation and moves toward supporting life.
Fetus
when all organs are formed, the embryo is now a fetus
Jean Piaget
-children reason illogically about problems that seem obvious to adults
Sensorimator stage
sensory impressions and motor activities (looking, hearing, touching)
Preoperational Stage
does not understand conversation
- child will think “too much” milk in a tall glass but see it as just right in a wide fat class
Egocentrism
inability to take another’s point of view
-know he has one brother but doesnt realize that his sisters have two brothers
concrete operational stage
able to think logically about concrete events.
-enjoy jokes that allow them to use new understandings
formal operational stage
thinking logically about abstract concepts
stranger anxiety
baby are social creatures and develop intense bonds with caregivers
-develop fear of strangers
Harry Harlow
- monkeys given 2 mothers
- one gives food but was made out of wires
- other didnt give food but was wrapped in comfortable cloth
- monkey always went to mom that has comfy cloth
- shows that babies go to things that gives it comfort \
- attachment
authoritative parenting
middle
authoritarian parenting
expect much of their child, but generally do not explain the reasoning for the rules or boundaries.
permissive parenting
These parents are non-demanding and non-controlling. They tend to be warm and receptive to their children’s needs, but place few boundaries on their children
puberty
period of sexual maturation, during which a person becomes capable of reproducing
primary sex characteristics
primary body structures developing dramaticaloly during puberty that make sexual reproduction possible
- ovaries, testes
secondary sex characteristics
development of non-reproductive sexual characteristics
- female (breast, hips)
- male (voice, facial hair)
Lawrence Kohlberg
- biggest development goal was to learn right and wrong
- reasons to follow or break rules
- what one should or shouldn’t do
Preconventional moral reasoning
- people follow the rules to avoid punishment or receive reward.
- look at own individual needs and desires
conventional moral reasoning
people follow the rules to help society function and to be seen as a “good” person.
postconsonantal moral reasoning
people can break the rules and still be seen as right.
- advance society beyond where it is
ex: MLK
Erik Erikson
expanded on the development stages.
-complete stages leads to adult life
(identity & intimacy)
identity
- sense of life
- people will try on different roles until they find one that fits
- after school activities
- favorite subject
intimacy
ability to form close and loving relationships
- significant others
- best friends
- someone outside family
menopause
women’s expectations influence emotional impact
Alzheimer’s disease
gradual deterioration of memory, reasoning, language, and physical functioning are irreversible
fluid intelligence
reasoning speedily and abstractly.
- solving logic problems
- tends to decrease during late adulthood
crystallized intelligence
accumulated knowledge and verbal skill.
- increases with age
- voacb
social clock
what society says you should do by a certain age
