Life science T1

Question 1

monomer

Answer 1

basic building block of organic compound

Question 2

isomer

Answer 2

molecule same chemical formula different structure

Question 3

polymerization

Answer 3

monomers chemically combine to form polymer

Question 4

groups of sugars containing six carbon atoms

Answer 4

hexose

Question 5

any carb consisting of many carbohydrate

Answer 5

complex carbohydrates

Question 6

three hexose sugars which are isomers of one another

Answer 6

glucose,fructose and galactose

Question 6

glucose +glucose =
galactose + glucose
glucose + fructose =

Answer 6

maltose
lactose
sucrose

Question 6

chemical formula of a pentose sugar

Answer 6

C5H10O5

Question 7

two monosaccharides combine by and the molecules that result?

Answer 7

condensation,
water and

Question 8

why are carbohydrates important?

Answer 8

Glucose is the primary energy source in cells and Gylcogen is also an important energy storage molecule. Carbohydrates also play a role in the structure of DNA and RNA

Question 8

hydrolysis reaction in depth

Answer 8

hyrdolysis is the splitting apart of disacharides into two monomers using water because your body can only use it in its simplest form

Question 9

test for sugar (glucose)

Answer 9

add glucose heat in water bath glucose is present if it turns red

Question 10

test for starch

Answer 10

add iodine solution to test solution if starch present it will go blue black

Question 11

test for protein

Answer 11

using sodium hydroxide and copper sulphate into test solution protein is present if color = violet/purple

Question 12

vitamin definiton

Answer 12

vitamins are essential organic compounds needed by body in small amounts

Question 13

how do vitamins regulate chemical reactions in cell

Answer 13

through interactions with important enzymes

Question 14

poor blood clotting
scurvy
rickets
night blindness
beri beri

Answer 14

K,C,D,A,B2

Question 14

why are minerals important

Answer 14

building materials for our bones, influencing muscle and nerve function, and regulating the body’s water balance

Question 15

difference between minerals and vitamins

Answer 15

your body needs larger amounts of minerals and smaller amounts of minerals

Question 16

components of all protein

Answer 16

nitrogen,carbon,hydrogen and oxygen

Question 17

minerals that are enzyme helpers

Answer 17

copper,magnesium and zinc

Question 18

difference between micro and macro nutrients

Answer 18

Macronutrients are big picture nutrition categories, such as carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. Micronutrients are smaller nutritional categories, such as individual vitamins and minerals like calcium, zinc, and vitamin B-6.

Question 19

function of dna

Answer 19

contains the instructions needed for an organism to develop, survive and reproduce.

Question 20

function of rna

Answer 20

storing and transferring genetic information

Question 21

purines

Answer 21

adenine and guamine

Question 22

what are nucleotides

Answer 22

a compound consisting of a nucleoside linked to a phosphate group. Nucleotides form the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.

Question 23

what is the bond between a fatty acid and gylcerol called

Answer 23

esther link

Question 24

what are fats made up of

Answer 24

glycerol joined to three fatty acids

Question 25

how many amino acids in organisms

Answer 25

20

Question 26

types of proteins

Answer 26

fibrous globular conjugated

Question 27

fiborous protein

Answer 27

in form of long fibres and not very folded

Question 28

globular protein

Answer 28

these are folded into a more rounded shape

Question 29

conjugated proteins

Answer 29

proteins which have a non protein part attached

Question 30

inorganic substances

Answer 30

pure substances or compounds which are important for life and used to make organic compounds eg h20 and c02

Question 31

organic compounds

Answer 31

substances made by living organisms they all have carbon which is usally combined with hydrogen and oxygen eg: lipids vitamins minerals and fats etc

Question 32

importance of proteins

Answer 32

proteins are the most important structural components of the body, most hormones are proteins and all enzymes are proteins.

Question 33

importance of lipids

Answer 33

fats are a very good source of reserve energy, fats stored under skin provide insulation and fats form protective layers arounds vital organs

Question 34

macro nutrients

Answer 34

nitrogen, magnesium, calcium and sodium

Question 35

micronutrients

Answer 35

iron and iodine