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grade 10 > Life science > Flashcards

Life science Flashcards

1
Q

Can organic molecules burn

A

no it can not

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2
Q

What type of molecule (organic or in organic) is Lipids and Proteins

A

Organic molecule

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3
Q

What type of molecule (organic or inorganic) posses carbon

A

organic

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4
Q

Is CO2 an organic or inorganic molecule

A

inorganic

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5
Q

does organic and inorganic molecules both originate from living organisms

A

no, only organic molecules

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6
Q

Is water organic or inorganic

A

inorganic

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7
Q

What are inorganic compounds used for by living organisms

A

Metabolism

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8
Q

How do you test for starch

A

Take iodine and dip into your object that you want to test, If it stays the same color then no starch is present but if it turns a blue-black color then starch is present

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9
Q

enzymes: The ——— is where items can bind and that item is called a ————.

A
  1. active site
  2. substrate
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10
Q

What happens when a enzyme combines with a substrate

A

usually the substrate is held there with weak bonds, The active site then changes shape which is called “induced fit” the enzyme can build up or break down the substate and we call the resulting item “the product”

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11
Q

what other molecules can help an enzyme

A

cofactors and coenzymes

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12
Q

what happens to a enzyme when the pH or the Temp. changes to drastically

A

The enzyme will become denatured

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13
Q

what is the definition of Denatured

A

Distorted and can no longer bind to substrate

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14
Q

TIP: enzymes often end in ———

A

-ase- (lactase)

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15
Q

TIP: sugars often end in ———

A

-ose- (lactose)

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16
Q

What does cholesterol do

A

It digests fats
keep the body healthy
makes vitamin D and hormones

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17
Q

75% of blood cholesterol is produced by ——-

A

Liver and other cells

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18
Q

Where do you get 25% of your cholesterol from

A

The food you eat

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19
Q

Cholesterol is only found in what type of products

A

animal products

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20
Q

Recall 3 types of cholesterol

A

Low density lipoproteins
high density lipoproteins
triglycerides

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21
Q

Can cholesterol dissolve in blood

A

NO

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22
Q

What transports cholesterol from and to the cells

A

lipoproteins

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23
Q

What is plaque

A

It is a thick deposit that builds up in your arteries that makes them thick and hard

24
Q

in which arteries does the plaque build up in

A

the arteries that runs from and to your heart and brain

25
Q

what is the condition called that has to much plaque in their arteries

A

atherosclerosis

26
Q

What problems can cholesterol cause

A

heart attack and stroke

27
Q

what is the makeup of a chloroplast

A

double membrane, thylakoid, granum, intergranum, stroma, starch granule

28
Q

where is chlorophyll found

A

inside the thylakoid

29
Q

what is excretion

A

waste products are removed out of the body

30
Q

what is secretion

A

necessary substances that are released on or inside the body

31
Q

what is the makeup of a chromosome

A

chromatids, centromere, gene

32
Q

what forms the spindle fibres during cell division

A

centrioles

33
Q

what binds more than one chromatid together

A

centromere

34
Q

what is the definition of diffusion

A

The movement of gases or dissolved substances from a high to low concentration until equilibrium is reached

NOTE: can take places with or without membranes. Passive process - no energy needed.

35
Q

what is the definition of Osmosis

A

the movement of water molecules from a high to low water potential, over a selectively permeable membrane, until equilibrium is reached

NOTE: Always over a membrane. Passive process - No energy needed.

36
Q

what is the definition of active transport

A

the movement of gasses or dissolved substances from a low to high concentration (against the concentraition gradient) unsing energy (ATP molecules) until equilibrium is reached.

NOTE: always over a membrane. The only active process - energy needed

37
Q

what is a cell membrane

A

is semipermeable but by doing so, it keeps things in the cell stable

38
Q

what is “semipermeable”

A

only select molecules can get in or out

39
Q

is cytoplasm found in prokaryote’s or eukaryote’s or both

A

both

40
Q

what is the cytoskeleton

A

a collection of fibres that can provide support for its cells and organelles and can play a big role in cell movement

41
Q

what are ribosomes

A

that are not membrane bound organelles found in both prokaryote’s and eukaryotes that make protein and can be free in cytoplasm or attached to other organelles

42
Q

Does prokaryote’s have DNA

A

yes, but not in a nucleus

43
Q

does prokaryotes have a nucleus

A

no it does not

44
Q

does prokaryotes have cytoplasm

A

yes

45
Q

does eukaryotes have cytoplasm

A

yes

46
Q

does eukaryotes have a nucleus

A

yes and it contains the DNA

47
Q

does prokaryotes and eukaryote both have ribosomes and cell membranes

A

yes

48
Q

which of the two (prokaryotes or eukaryotes) has membrane bound organelles

A

eukaryotes

49
Q

What is a Nucleus

A

it holds genetic material and controls cell activities, inside of a nucleus is a nucleolus

50
Q

what does the nucleolus do

A

it produces ribosomes

51
Q

what is the endoplasmic reticulum

A

It is attached to the nuclear membrane.
endoplasmic reticulum (ER) does a lot of processing of molecules and transports molecules. There is a rough ER and a smooth ER

52
Q

What is the difference between a rough ER and a smooth ER

A

Rough ER means that there are ribosomes attached, smooth ER means that there are no Ribosomes attached

53
Q

what is the function of the Rough ER

A

involved in protein production and transportation. A molecule that leaves the ER can be sent away in a Vesicle

54
Q

What is the function of the smooth ER

A

It is involved the detoxification and can make types of lipids

55
Q

what is the Golgi apparatus

A

It can reserve items from vesical that came from the ER.
It has enzymes that can modify molecules and can sort the material it reserve.
It can determine where to send those molecules.
It can be secreted.

56
Q

what is the functions for the mitochondria

A

Makes ATP energy in a proses called cellular respiration.
Runs on glucose and needs oxygen to effectively make ATP

57
Q
A

grade 10 (3 decks)

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