life on earth - unit 3

Question 1

niche

Answer 1

the role an organism plays in its ecosystem

Question 2

ecosystem

Answer 2

all the organisms living in aparticular habitat and the non-living organisms with which they interact

Question 3

population

Answer 3

a group of one living species

Question 4

species

Answer 4

organisms that can interbreed to produce fertile offspring

Question 5

the arrows on the food Web show

Answer 5

the flow of energy

Question 6

example of a producer

Answer 6

plant

Question 7

example of a primary consumer

Answer 7

(herbivore) insect

Question 8

example of a secondary consumer

Answer 8

mouse (ombnivore)

Question 9

examplr of a tertiary conumer

Answer 9

(carnivore) owl

Question 10

competition

Answer 10

either
- interspecific: between different
species

• intraspecific: in the same species

Question 11

biotic factors

Answer 11

examples: living

• competition for food, mates, space
• number of predators
• disease
• grazing

Question 12

abiotic factors

Answer 12

non living

• temperature
• pH
• light intensity
• rainfall
• wind

Question 13

ways to measure abiotic Factors

Answer 13

• thermometer
• pH meter
• light meter (lux)
• moisture meter

Question 14

sampling techniques

Answer 14

• quadrat
• pitfall trap

state possible issues

Question 15

stage 1 photo synthesis

Answer 15

Carbon dioxide + water&raquo_space; lightenergy/ chlorophyll» glucose + oxygen

Question 16

what Is an algal bloom

Answer 16

Question 17

nitrates

Answer 17

added as tbe form of fertilisers

Question 18

pesticides

Answer 18

kill pests that eat crops and grase on seeds
can cause pollution and harm if it leached into water ways

Question 19

biocumulation

Answer 19

Question 20

biological control

Answer 20

use of living organisms instead of chemicals - natural predators

Question 21

things that can increase mutation rates

Answer 21

increasesed mutation:
- ultraviolet light
- X-rayS
- gamma rays
- tars in cigarettes
- smoke
- mustard gas.

Question 22

speciation

Answer 22

Question 23

speciation can be

Answer 23

• ecological
• behavioural
• geographical

Question 24

what is at the bottom of a pyramid of energy

Answer 24

producer

Question 25

aerobic respiration

Answer 25

the process of cellular respiration that takes place in the presence of oxygen gas to produce energy from food

Question 26

allele

Answer 26

different forms of a gene

Question 27

amylase

Answer 27

breaks down starch into the sugar maltose