cells unit 1

Question 1

cell membrane

Answer 1

controls cell entry and exit

Question 2

cytoplasm

Answer 2

watery substance found in cells where all the chemical reactions take place

Question 3

nucleus

Answer 3

controlls cell activity and contains all the genetic info

Question 4

chloroplast

Answer 4

found in green plant cells and contains chlorophyll. where photosynthesis takes place

Question 5

vacule

Answer 5

a watery solution that provide structure to the cell

Question 6

cell wall

Answer 6

outer cover of the plant cell that provides structure and shape

Question 7

mitchochondrion

Answer 7

Cylindrically-shaped structure found in varying numbers within the cytoplasm of cells that is the site of energy released in aerobic respiration

Question 8

ribosome

Answer 8

site if protein synthesis

Question 9

active transport is

Answer 9

the movement of substances in cells against the concentration gradient

Question 10

passive transport is

Answer 10

known as diffusion and osmosis and does not require energy

Question 11

turgid is

Answer 11

When the water
concentration is higher
outside than inside
water moves in and the
cell bursts releasing its
contents

Question 12

plasmolised is

Answer 12

Higher water
concentration inside
the cell so water
moves out by
osmosis causing the
cell be become
plasmolysed

Question 13

DNA Is shaped like a

Answer 13

double helix or twisted ladder

Question 14

the 4 bases in DNA

Answer 14

• A denine
• T hymine
• G uanine
• C ytosine

Question 15

Base A can only pair with

Answer 15

• T hymine

Question 16

base C can only pair with

Answer 16

• G uanine

Question 17

catalysts

Answer 17

speed up chemical reactions without altering the results

Question 18

M RNA

Answer 18

carries a complimentary copy of the genetic code from the DNA

Question 19

enzyme

Answer 19

catalase chemical reactions in a cell

Question 20

hormones

Answer 20

chemicals that act as messengers and affect how living things develop and behave

Question 21

antibodies

Answer 21

large molecules that help decent against infections

Question 22

Haemoglobin

Answer 22

transport of oxygen in the blood stream

Question 23

daughter cells are

Answer 23

genetically identical to parents cells

Question 24

how many chromosome sets do humans have

Answer 24

46 - 23 pairs

Question 25

what is the diploid number

Answer 25

the total number of chromosomes in a cell

Question 26

Answer 26

plant cell

Question 27

Answer 27

animal cell

Question 28

Answer 28

bacteria cell

Question 29

fermentation

Answer 29

respiration without oxygen

Question 30

selectively permiable

Answer 30

small molecules such as carbon dioxide, oxygen and water can pass across easily but larger molecules like proteins cannot

Question 31

passive transport

Answer 31

molecules move down a concentration gradient also known as diffusion

Question 32

osmosis

Answer 32

example of passive transport. it is the diffusion of water molecules from a higher concentration to a lower one across selectively permeable membrane

Question 33

active transport

Answer 33

moving against the concentration gradient