LIFE AND WORKS OF RIZAL Flashcards
Who is the Proponent of Rizal Law?
Jose B. Laurel Jr.
otherwise known as Rizal Law
Republic Act No. 1425
AN ACT TO MAKE NOLI ME TANGERE AND EL FILIBUSTERISMO COMPULSORY READING MATTER IN ALL PUBLIC AND PRIVATE COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES.
Republic Act No. 1425/ RIZAL LAW
What Senate Bill?
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RIZAL’S FULL NAME
Jose Protacio Mercado Rizal Y Alonzo Realonda
was chosen by his mother who was a devotee of the Christian saint San Jose (St.
Joseph)
Jose
from Gervacio P. which come from a Christian calendar
Protacio
adopted in 1731 by Domingo Lamco (the paternal great-great- grandfather
of Jose Rizal) which the Spanish term mercado means ‘market’ in English
Mercado
- from the word ‘Ricial’ in Spanish means a field where wheat, cut while still
green, sprouts again
Rizal
old surname of his mother
Alonzo
means “and”
Y
it was used by Doña Teodora from the surname of her godmother based on
the culture by that time.
Realonda
a. Great great Grandparents
(Father Side)
Domingo Lam-co
Inez de la Rosa
a. Great great Grandparents
(Mother Side)
Lakan-Dula
Eugenio Ursua
Benigna Ochoa
a native of Chinchew, “China’s City of Spring” where the
Jesuits first and later Dominicans had missions, and he perhaps knew something of
Christianity before living China. He was married with Inez de la Rosa.
Domingo Lam-co
She belonged to an entrepreneurial family on Binondo. She
is the daughter of Augustin Chin-co, a rich Chinese merchant from Chuanchow and
Jacinta Rafaela, a Chinese mestiza who lived in Parian.
Inez de la Rosa
It is said that he was Rizal’s ancestor on the maternal side, who was the
last Malayan king of Tondo
Lakan-Dula
A maternal great-great-grandfather of Rizal, who was a Japanese
blood. He married Benigna Ochoa
Eugenio Ursua
She was a Filipino and a wife of Eugenio Ursua.
Benigna Ochoa
b. Great Grandparents
(Father Side)
Francisco Mercado I
Bernarda Monicha
b. Great Grandparents
(Mother Side)
Regina Ursua
Manuel de Quintos
He was Jose Rizal’s great grandfather, born in 1731 in Biñan,
Laguna, Philippines. His parents were Domingo Lam-Co and Ines de la Rosa. He
married on 26 May 1771 to Bernarda Monicha. He owned the largest herd of carabaos
in Biñan. He was active in local politics, which was he elected as the town’s capitan
del pueblo around 1783. Francisco died in 1801.
Francisco Mercado I
She was a Chinese Mestiza born in San Pedro Tunasan or
Biñan, Laguna Philippines. Not much is known of Bernarda save she was an orphan
girl generally thought of as a relative of a certain coadjutor priest in Biñan,. She was
known for her sweet and lovable nature.
Bernarda Monicha
She was of Spanish, Chinese and Tagalog ancestry. She is sometimes
referred to as an Ochoa. According to alternative oral histories, Regina was wedded to
the lawyer in second marriage, being the widow of Facundo de Layva, the captain of
the ship Hernando Magallanes, whose pilot was the Englishman Andrew Stewart.
Regina Ursua
A Filipino-Chinese lawyer of Pangasinan, husband of Regina
Ursua. He graduated from Santo Tomás University,
Manuel de Quintos
c. Grand Parents
(Father Side)
Juan Mercado
Cirila Alejandra
c. Grand Parents
(Mother Side)
Brigida de Quintos
Lorenzo Alberto Florentina Alonzo
She was a Chinese Mestiza, daughter of one of Domingo
Lam-co’s godsons, and who hailed from Tubigan. Her parents were Juan Siong-Co
(Syongco) and Maria Conio of Biñan.
Cirila Alejandra-
He was Jose Rizal’s grandfather ______, son of Francisco Mercado and Bernarda Monica. Like his father, he also served as the town’s capitan del pueblo
(gobernadorcillo of Biñan) in 1808, 1813, and 1823. He married Cirila Alejandra. at
the age of 22. Juan died in 1826.
Juan Mercado
The wife of Lorenzo Alonzo. She was the daughter of Manuel
de Quintos Jr. and Regina Ursua, born in 1790 and died in 1856.
Brigida de Quintos-
the mother of Jose Rizal. She was one of the most
highly educated women in the Philippines at that time. Teodora is was a student of
_______________, she was a business and literary sense far ahead of her time.
Teodora Alonso (1827-1913)
Colegio de Santa Rosa
A well-off Spanish-Filipino mestizo of Biñan.
Son of Cipriano Alonzo and Maria Florentina, was born in 1790. He was educated as
a surveyor and served as the municipal captain of Biñan and married Brigida de
Quintos in 1824. Lorenzo was also an engineer who was awarded by Spain with the
coveted decoration of “Knight of the Grand Order of Isabela the Catholic.” He died in
1854.
Lorenzo Alberto Florentina Alonzo
d. Parents
Don Francisco Mercado
Teodora Alonso
the father of Jose Rizal. Jose Rizal’s father
was a well educated farmer with studies in Latin and Philosophy at the ______________ in Manila.
Don Francisco Mercado (1818-1898)
Colegio de
San Jose
The three uncles of Rizal, brother of his mother, who
exerted a good influence on him.
Jose, Manuel and Gregorio
the father of Jose Rizal, was a prominent figure in the life of the
national hero of the Philippines.
Francisco Mercado Rizal
Birthday and birthplace of Francisco Mercado Rizal
May 11, 1818, in Biñan, Laguna
the eldest sister of national hero and patriot Dr. Jose Rizal, was born in
Calamba, Laguna.
Saturnina Rizal
the mother of
Philippine national hero Jose Rizal, was born in Meisik, Tondo, Manila
Teodora Alonso
When is the birthday of Teodora Alonso?
November 9, 1827
Birthday and Husband of Saturnina Rizal
June 4, 1850, Manuel Timoteo de Hidalgo
is the fourth child in the Rizal family. Jose loved to tease her,
sometimes good-humoredly describing her as his stout sister.
Jose’s first love, Segunda Katigbak, was her schoolmate at the La Concordia College.
married ________, a telegraph operator from Manila.
Olympia Rizal
Spouse: Silvestre Ubaldo
Jose Rizal’s older and only brother devotedly took care of the National Hero- WIFE?
Paciano Rizal, Severina Dacena
akin to her siblings, enjoyed a robust education within the confines of their
home. Her innate curiosity led her to explore diverse creative avenues, particularly music and
painting. The family’s nurturing environment allowed her artistic talents to flourish, a
testament to their commitment to education and cultural growth.
Lucia Rizal (1856 – 1919)
Spouse: Mariano Herbosa
is the sixth child in the family. It was to her whom Jose talked about
wanting to marry Josephine Bracken when the majority of the Rizal family was apparently not
amenable to the idea.
Maria Rizal (1859 – 1945)
Spouse: Daniel Faustino Cruz
dedication to her brother, Jose Rizal, remained steadfast and resolute. She
emerged as a stalwart ally, fervently advocating for his educational endeavors and
wholeheartedly embracing his fervent nationalist undertakings.
● Amid Jose Rizal’s exile in Dapitan, _____________role as a source of connection and emotional
strength was invaluable. Despite the physical distance, she maintained consistent
communication with him, bridging the gap between his secluded life and the outside world.
Following Jose Rizal’s execution in 1896, a pivotal moment in Philippine history, Narcisa
Rizal shouldered the weight of preserving her brother’s legacy.
Husband?
Narcisa Rizal
Antonino Manapat Lopez
When Jose Rizal was born?
June 19, 1861
When Jose Rizal died?
December 30, 1896
Where Jose Rizal was born?
Calamba, Laguna
was the eight child of
the Rizal family. She died at the age of three.
Conception Rizal (1862 – 1865)
She’s the ninth child in the family who died
a spinster.
● Among Jose’s letters to ________, the one dated October 26 1893 is perhaps the most fascinating.
In the letter, Jose praised her sister for nearly mastering the English language, commenting
that the only fault he found in _______letter is her apparent confusion between the terms ‘they
are’ and ‘there’. Jose also wrote about the 20 pesos he sent, the 10 pesos of the amount was
supposed for a lottery ticket.
Josefa Rizal (1965 – 1945)
was a Filipina feminist leader and co-founder of the Philippines’ first feminist organization,
the Asociación Femenista Filipina.
dedication to upholding her brother José Rizal’s legacy was a cornerstone in
the preservation of his profound influence. As a diligent custodian of his writings and ideas,
she ensured that his intellectual contributions remained accessible to generations beyond his
time
Trinidad Rizal (1868 – 1951)
was the youngest child of the Rizal family.
Being a teacher, she was arguably the best educated among Rizal’s sisters. In his long and
meaty letter to Choleng dated June 6, 1890, Jose told her sister that he was proud of her for
becoming a teacher
Rizal nonetheless used the topic as leverage in somewhat rebuking her sister for getting
married to Pantaleon Quintero of Calamba without their parents’ consent.
Soledad Rizal (1870 – 1929)
Spouse: Pantaleon Quintero
- He was a lover of books. He instilled into the mind of his precocious nephew a great
love for books. He taught him to work hard, to think for himself, and to observe life
keenly
Tio Gregorio de Quintos Alonzo
- The youngest brother of Doña Teodora. He was educated at Calcutta, India. He
encouraged his nephew to paint, sketch, and sculpture. - It was revealed that before Rizal was five years of age, for any assistance from
others he began to draw with his pencil and to mold in wax or clay any object he saw
about him. Fortunately, his mother, father, and uncles recognized this unusual talent
and have him every encouragement.
Tio Jose Alberto Alonzo
He was a big, strong, and husky man. He looked after the physical training of his
sickly and weak nephew. He encouraged young Rizal to learn swimming, fencing,
wrestling and other sports, so that in later years of Rizal’s frail body acquired agility,
endurance, and strength.
Tio Manuel de Quintos Alonzo
Rizal was nicknamed “Ute” along with other common names like Pepes, Pepings, and Pepitos
that were popular in Calamba during his time. The nickname “Ute” came about when the
barber __________ noticed that Jose Rizal had a larger head compared to his body size
Tiyo Ilyong
The first teacher of Rizal was his mother, who was a remarkable woman of good character and fine
culture. On her lap, he learned at the age of three the alphabet and the prayers. “My mother,” wrote
Rizal in his student memoirs, “taught me how to read and to say haltingly the humble prayers which I
raised fervently to God. “As tutor, Doña Teodora was patient, conscientious, and understanding. It
was she who first discovered that her son had a talent for poetry.
Teodora Alonso
four R’s
reading, writing, arithmetic,
and religion
Where is the first school of Rizal located?
Binan
First school of Rizal
the school of Maestro Justiniano Aquino Cruz
a bitter rival of the Dominican - owned College of San Juan de Letran
Ateneo
Municipal
a college under the supervision of the Spanish Jesuits.
He studied in the Ateneo Municipal
for poor boys in Manila established in 1817, In 1859- name was changed to Ateneo
Municipal by the Jesuits and later became the Ateneo de Manila.
Escuela Pia
(Charity School)
Escuela Pia > Ateneo Municipal > Ateneo de Manila
Escuela Pia > Ateneo Municipal > Ateneo de Manila
Jose, accompanied by Paciano, went to Manila to take the entrance examinations on
Christian Doctrine, arithmetic, and reading at the _______________, and passed them.
➢ His father was the first one who wished him to study at Letran, but he changed his mind and decided
to send Jose at Ateneo instead.
College of San Juan de Letran
Rizal accompanied by Paciano went to Manila.
June 10, 1872
- was the college registrar, refused to admit Rizal in Ateneo for two reasons:
(1) he was late for registration
(2) he was sickly and undersized for his age
Father Magin Ferrando
nephew of Father Burgos. Because of his intercession, Rizal was reluctantly
admitted at the Ateneo.
Manuel Xerez Burgos
Rizal was first boarded in a house outside Intramuros, on __________________. This was owned by a
spinster named Titay who owed the Rizal family the amount of 300 pesos.
Caraballo Street
Students were divided into two groups: JESUITS SYSTEM OF EDUCATION
Roman Empire Carthaginian Empire
consisting of internos (boarders); red banner.
Roman Empire
composed of the externos (non-boarders); blue banner.
Carthaginian Empire
Each empire had its rank. Students fought for positions, with 3 mistakes, opponents’ position could
lose his position.
➢ Emperor - the best student in each “empire”
➢ Tribune - the second best
➢ Decurion - the third best
➢ Centurion - the fourth best
➢ Stand-bearer - the fifth best
Rizal ‘s first professor in Ateneo
Fr. Jose Bech.
Rizal took private lessons in ______________ during noon recesses to improve his Spanish language paying three pesos for those extra lessons
Santa Isabel College
The first favorite novel of Rizal
The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexander Dumas
one of his professors,
inspired him to study harder and write poetry. Rizal ‘s best professor in Ateneo. Rizal described him as model of uprightness, earnestness, and love for the advancement of his pupils. He returned to Calamba with 5 medals
and excellent ratings.
Fr. Francisco de Paula Sanchez
March 23, 1877- Rizal, _____ years old, received from his Alma Mater, Ateneo Municipal, the degree of Bachelor of Arts, with highest honors.
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He studied painting under ____________ , a famous painter, and sculpture under Romualdo de Jesus. He
continued his physical training under hi sports minded Tio Manuel.
Agustin Saez
EXTRA CURRICULAR OF RIZAL
writing poetry, painting, and sculpture.
He carved an image of The Virgin Mary on a piece of __________ (Philippine hardwood) with his pocketknife.
batikuling
one of Rizal’s contemporaries in the Ateneo, related an incident of Rizal’s school days in Ateneo which reveals hero’s resignation to pain and forgiveness. “Neither bitterness nor rancor
towards the guilty party”.
Felix M. Roxas
This anecdote illustrates Rizal’s predilection to help the helpless at the risk of his own life.
Manuel Xerez Burgos
It was Doña Teodora who was first discovered the poetic genius of her son, and it was also she who
first encouraged him to write poems. However, it was _________ who inspired Rizal to make full use of
his God-given gift in poetry.
Father Sanchez
the first poem Rizal probably wrote during
his days in Ateneo which was dedicated to his mother on her birthday; Rizal wrote it before he was 14
years old.
Mi Primera Inspiracion (My First Inspiration)
What school did Rizal take the Philosophy and Letters. ? After finishing the first year of a course in Philosophy and Letters
(1877-1878), Rizal transferred to the medical course.
THE UNIVERSITY OF STO. TOMAS
who had been good to him during his student days in that
college, asking for advice on the choice of a career. Unfortunately, the Father Rector was in the
Mindanao and during those days it took several months for a letter to travel between Manila and
Mindanao
Father Pablo Ramon-Rector of Ateneo
What did he studies in UST?
Cosmology, Metaphysics, Theodicy, and History of
Philosophy.
During Rizal’s first school term in the University of Santo Tomas (1877-1878), Rizal also studied in
Ateneo. He took the vocational course leading to the title of ___________________
perito agrimensor (expert surveyor).
- a society of literary men and artists,
held a literary contest in the year 1879.
Liceo Artistico-Literario (Artistic-Literary Lyceum) of Manila
- Rizal, who was then 18 years old, submitted this poem.
A La Juventud Filipina (To the Filipino Youth)
❖ An inspiring poem of flawless form. Rizal beseeched the Filipino youth to rise from lethargy, to let genius fly swifter than the wind and descend with art and science to break the chains that have long bound the spirit of the people.
❖ This winning poem of Rizal is a classic in Philippine literature for two reasons:
o it was the great poem in Spanish written by a Filipino, whose merit was recognized by
Spanish literary authorities.
o it expressed for the first time the nationalistic concept that the Filipinos, and not the foreigners, were the “fair hope of the Fatherland”.
A La Juventud Filipina (To the Filipino Youth)
an allegorical drama written by Rizal which
he entered in the literary contest of Artistic-Literary Lyceum in 1880 to commemorate the fourth centennial of the death of Cervantes.
El Consejo de los Dioses (The Councils of the Gods) -
a zarzuela which was staged by the Ateneans on December 8,
1880, on the occasion o
Junto al Pasig (Beside the Pasig)
a sonnet written by Rizal for the album of the Society of Sculptors; in this sonnet, he
urged all Filipino artists to glorify the Philippines.
A Filipinas
Rizal composed a poem in 1881, as an expression of affection to Father
Pablo Ramon, the Ateneo rector, who had been so kind and helpful to him.
Al M.R.P. Pablo Ramon
Rizal found the atmosphere at the ____________ suffocating to his sensitive spirit. He
was unhappy at this Dominican institution of higher learning because:
University of Santo Tomas
Rizal decided to study in ___________ after finishing the fourth year of his medical course.
Spain
2 people who don’t know that Rizal will study in Spain
- Rizal’s mother
- Leonor Rivera
After finishing the 4th year of the medical course in the University of Santo Tomas, Rizal decided to
complete his studies in __________ .
Spain
was to observe keenly the life and culture, languages and customs, industries and commerce, and government and laws of the European nations in order to prepare himself in the mighty task of liberating his oppressed people from
Spanish tyranny
Rizal has his “secret mission”
nationalistic essay, Rizal’s first article written on
Spain’s soil.
AMOR PATRIO (LOVE OF COUNTRY)
He wrote Amor Patrio under what pen name?
under his pen-name Laong Laan, appeared in print in Diariong Tagalog on August 20, 1882
a friend of Rizal in Manila and the publisher of Diariong Tagalog where
Rizal sent this article
Basilio Teodoro Moran
the first Manila bilingual newspaper (Spanish and Tagalog)
Diariong Tagalog
Rizal’s second article for Diariong Tagalog
Los Viajes (Travels)
Rizal’s third article written in Madrid on November 29,
1882 but returned to him because the Diariong Tagalog had ceased publication for lack of funds
Revista de Madrid (Review of Madrid)
First School of Rizal in Spain
Universidad Central de Madrid (Central University of
Madrid)
Courses of Rizal in Universidad Central de Madrid (Central University of
Madrid)
Medicine and Philosophy and Letters
Rizal studied painting and sculpture. Rizal’s only extravagance was investing a few pesetas for a lottery ticket in every draw of the Madrid Lottery.
Academy of Fine Arts of San Fernando
upon the request of the members of this
society, Rizal’s wrote this poem which he personally declaimed during the New Year’s Eve reception
of the Madrid Filipinos held in the evening of December 31, 1882
ME PIDEN VERSOS (THEY ASK ME FOR VERSES)
- these two books
aroused Rizal’s sympathy for the oppressed and unfortunate people.
Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin and Eugene Sue’s The Wandering Jew
Rizal went to ________ and _________ in order to specialize in ophthalmology—Rizal chose this branch of
medicine because he wanted to cure his mother’s eye ailment.
Paris and Germany
a medical student and a member of a rich family of San Miguel, Bulacan, Rizal’s
friend.
Maximo Viola
- leading French ophthalmologist wherein Rizal worked as an assistant from November 1885 to February 1886.
Dr. Louis de Weckert
-a patriotic song written by Rizal which asserts that any race aspires
for freedom.
Alin Mang Lahi (Any Race)
La Deportacion (Deportation)
a sad danza which Rizal composed in Dapitan during his exile
distinguished German ophthalmologist where Rizal worked—University Eye
Hospital
DR. OTTO BECKER
famous German ophthalmologist where Rizal worked
Dr. Ernest Schweigger
Rizal lived in Berlin, famous capital of unified Germany for five reasons:
* to gain further knowledge of ophthalmology
* to further his studies of sciences and languages
* to observe the economic and political conditions of the German nation
* to associate with famous German scientists and scholars
* to publish his novel, Noli Me Tangere
read
Rizal’s professor of French in order to master the idiomatic intricacies of the
French language
Madame Lucie Cerdole
Where Noli Me Tangere published?
BERLIN
Rizal finished the last fourth of the novel in ____________. He wrote the last few chapters of the Noli in Wilhelmsfeld in April-June, 1886.
GERMANY
Inspired Dr. Rizal to prepare a novel that would depict
the miseries of his people under the lash of Spanish tyrants
Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin
Rizal’s friend from Bulacan, arrived in Berlin at the height of Rizal despondency
and loaned him the needed funds to publish the novel; savior of Noli
MAXIMO VIOLA
“Noli Me Tangere, words taken from the Gospel of St. Luke, signify “do not touch
me” but Rizal made a mistake, it should be the Gospel of _________
St. John
Rizal dedicated his Noli Me Tangere to the ______________—“To My Fatherland”
Philippines
The novel Noli Me Tangere contains _____ chapters and an epilogue.
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a kind-hearted, old Austrian professor
Professor Blumentritt
is one of the greatest Austrian novelists was favorably impressed by Rizal, and years later
he spoke highly of Rizal, “whose genius he so much admired.”
Norfenfals
This was the greatest achievement of Rizal in London, the annotating of Morga’s book, ________________ (Historical Events of the Philippine
Islands), which was published in Mexico, 1609
Sucesos de las Islas Filipinas
a patriotic
society. They crusade for reforms in the Philippine Government. By unanimous vote of all members,
Rizal was chosen honorary president
LA SOLIDARIDAD
__________founded the patriotic newspaper called La Solidaridad in Barcelona.
Graciano Lopez Jaena
pamphlet which published in Barcelona under his nom-deplume Dimas Alang to defense his novel.
(The Vision of Fray Rodriguez)-
Rizal challenged _______________ in a duel. Retana had insulted Rizal and his family by writing
in La Epoca, an anti-Filipino newspaper, that the Rizal family in Calamba was ejected from their lands
because they did not pay their rents.
Wenceslao Retana
December 1890, Rizal received a letter from Leonor Rivera announcing her coming marriage to
___________, an Englishman (the choice of her mother). This was a big blow for him and his heart
broke.
Henry Kipping
- Rizal left Brussels for Ghent, a famous university city in Belgium because the cost of
printing in Ghent was cheaper than in Brussels. F. Meyer-___________ -a printing shop that give
Rizal the lowest quotation for the publication of his novel.
Van Loo Press
SAVIOR OF NOLI ME TANGERE
Maximo Viola
the printing of his book had to be suspended because Rizal could no longer give the
necessary funds to the printer. ______________- the savior of the Fili, when he learned of Rizal’s
predicament, he sent him the necessary funds.
Valentin Ventura
First Love of Rizal
Segunda Katigbak
During the courtship, Rizal was said to have sent __________private and secret love letters, which he wrote using invisible ink made with water and salt—he was adept in chemistry, too. To
read the letters, Orang had to heat the letter over a candle or a lamp. Rizal also frequented the
Valenzuelas’ home, which was a hang out place of the students in the area.
2 Leonor Valenzuela
____________ and Jose Rizal lived the tragedies of Shakespeare’s poems.
Maria Clara inspiration
Leonor Rivera
who was Mayor of
Manila when Maria dela Torre was the governor. While Rizal was in Madrid, he would hang
out at Don Pablo’s house, which became a place where Filipino students would often get
together
4 Consuelo Ortega Y Rey
the eldest daughter of his landlord.
Gertrude showered Rizal with all the love and attention of a girl who is hopelessly in love.
She even assisted Rizal as he finished some of his popular sculptures, “Prometheus Bound,”
“The Triumph of Death over Life,” and “The Triumph of Science over Death.” He called her
Gettie, she called him Pettie. But all documents lead to say one thing: the feelings weren’t
mutually shared.
6 Gertrude Beckett
In many of his diary entries, Rizal wrote about how he was charmed by Japan’s beauty,
cleanliness, and peace and order. But if there was one thing that almost kept him in the country
where cherry blossoms bloom most beautiful, it was a woman named Seiko Usui,
affectionately called O-Sei-San.
5 Seiko Usui
Maybe Rizal was repulsed with the idea of having an idle mind. With all the loneliness and
anxiety from the turmoil of his country and family, he was even able to fill his resting
moments learning new things—like flirting with women.
7 Suzanne Jacoby
the woman who stayed with Rizal until his execution in 1896. She
was also, allegedly, the woman whom Rizal married. However, accounts of their marriage
have been much-debated over the years.
9 Josephine Bracken
Remember that famous time when Antonio Luna and Jose Rizal almost got into a duel because
of a girl? The girl in the middle of that madness was
8 Nellie Boustead
