Life Flashcards
Life
An organized genetic unit capable of metabolism, reproduction, and evolution
5 Criteria for Life
- Need for ENERGY
- Organization in MEMBRANE-BOUND CELLS
- GENETIC information
- Ability to REPLICATE
- CHANGE over time (caused by evolution by mutation)
Limiting Resource
- populations will grow exponentially but will reach a limit as individuals compete for a limiting resource (food, space, mates, etc.)
- individuals with superior traits will acquire more resources and have more progeny
Progeny
offspring / descendents
3 Domains of Life
- Bacteria
- Archaea
- Eukarya
- DNA is common characteristic of all organisms
- DNA sequences, biological structures, biochemistry, and structural/biochemical comparisons categorize all living organisms into 3 domains
- organized by evolutionarily-informed taxonomy (classifications based on evolutionary relatedness)
Bacteria
- prokaryotes
- single-celled
- no nuclei
Archaea
- prokaryotes
- single-celled
- no nuclei
- found in extreme environments
Common between Archaea and Bacteria
first living organisms, were also prokaryotes and led to the creation of eukaryotes
Eukarya
- DNA stored in nucleus
- eukaryotes
- multi-celled AND single-celled
- animals, plants, fungi, single-celled protists
Common between all 3 Domains of Life
- Living
- DNA
- Evolution
Viruses
Viruses are NOT LIVING as they cannot metabolize or reproduce on their own - they need a host cell in order to do this
Phylogenetic Tree Order
Species
Genus
Family
Order
Class
Phylum
Kingdom
Domain
Taxonomy
science of classification of living + extinct organisms
- every organism is related to each other by a common ancestor
- based off of structure and form
- binomial nomenclature: unique 2 part name for every species
4 Kingdoms (Under Eukarya)
- Protista
- Fungi
- Plantae
- Animalia
Plantae
- autotrophs (photosynthesis)
- cellulose-based cell walls
- chloroplasts
