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phar 153 > Lice and Scabies > Flashcards

Lice and Scabies Flashcards

1
Q

What are the differences between nits and lice?

A

Nits are eggs and need to pick them out –> attached to hair follicle –> do not wash out and laid close to scalp for warmth

Lice will get away from light and will stay near the scalp where there is warmth

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2
Q

Describe the life cycle/transmission of lice?

A
  • Lice will lay eggs (nits) that can survive some shampoos
  • Therefore you need to hit the eggs with a second time with shampoo once they hatch
  • Cannot wait to long and have lice become adults that start the egg laying cycle again
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3
Q

Can lice jump from one person to another?

A

Unlikely; would need really close and lengthy contact
- They have to know they can set up nicely somwhere else
- Need to sense the warmth of the next scalp

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4
Q

Lice Transmission

A
  • Mainly young children
  • Most probable route is:

Hats
Head to head (Rare 2-3 mins of contact)

Unlikley –> towel, bed, combs, brushes, furniture, pets

No difference between clean and dirty hair –> Lice can survive shower

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5
Q

Symptoms of Lice

A

None <–> Itching

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6
Q

GBH/Lindane (Kwellada)

A
  • Historical –> off the market
    Insecticide (pediculocide) for lice
    Was safe fro head lice
    Issues came from scabies where consistent use lead to neurological symptoms in kids
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7
Q

Pyrethins (+ piperonyl butoxide) MOA and Directions For USe

A
  • Insecticide
  • Chrysantheum plant extract
  • safe in children
  • Directions for use:

Apply to dry hair
Shampoo for 10 mins

  • S/e –> Local rxns
  • Needs repeats, nit removal and resistance is possible
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8
Q

Permethrin 1% MOA and Directions of Use

A
  • Synthetic pyrethroid
    Very safe in children

Directions for use:

Wash hair with regular shampoo
Add cream rinse for 10 mins

  • Has residula activity; however, still a good product to repeat
    Nit removal needed and resistance is possible
    Rinse out
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9
Q

What are the pediculoside txs?

A

Permethrin
Pyrethins/pb
Permethrin
Lindane

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10
Q

Are some lice resitant to certain tx’s?

A

Yes

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11
Q

Should pharmacists use the word pediculoside or insecticide?

A

NO

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12
Q

SH-206

A

Physical Agent
- Essential oil; repeat every 2 days

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13
Q

Other Physical Agents for Lice?

A

1) Isopropyl Myristate
- 10 min, nit pick, repeat in 7 days

2) Coconut/anise oil
- 15 min, nit pick, repeat in 9 days

3) Dimethicone
10 mins and nit comb time, nit pick, and reapply as needed

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14
Q

Can shampoo’s, insectides and/or physical agents kill nits?

A

NO

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15
Q

Olive Oil

A
  • aromatic compounds are somewhat deadly to lice
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16
Q

What is the drug of choice for Lice? How is it used?

A

NYDA

  • Dimethicone –> safe just make sure to cover the hair
    Penetrates deeply in lice/eggs breathing system
  • Death of lice and eggs within 58 seconds
    30 min of contact, then start nit combing with product in hair (product will dry)
    Then 8 hours of contact and recheck in 8-10 days

8 HOURS IMPORTANT AND NIT PICKING

17
Q

Can the scalp be itchy after a few days?

A

Yes

Lice will put anticoagulants in the scalp

18
Q

What if tx fails? What caused the tx to fail?

A

Tx may have failed due to:
missing some lice
reinfestation
resistance

  • Use a different agent
  • if used NYDA, use again as no resistant lice to it and may have missed some lice
19
Q

Other tx’s for head lice

A

Bug Busting –> Not medicated shampoo, just combing with lice comb every 3 days

Heat –> No medicated shampooeither, just a heat source –> Not to effective

Electrocution –> Not high hopes it works

Te tree oil –> hard to know right amount to use

Dry-on Suffocation method using lotion

20
Q

When will the itch stop?

A

After a few days

21
Q

How fast do they work?

A

10 mins

22
Q

When can the kids go back to school?

A

The next day if has a NO NIT Policy

23
Q

How can one clean the house of lice?

A
  • Hot water and dry cleaning
24
Q

Should nit combs be dipped in vinegar?

A

NOT if using Permethrin

25
Q

What kind of comb is needed?

A
  • Not fancy
  • Cheap plastic one
26
Q

How do Nits grow?

A
  • hair growing speed
    Nit distance from scalp dtermines viability
  • 1/2 inch to far for egg to hatch
27
Q

Are body lice common?

A

NO

28
Q

Is there a tx for body lice?

A

No tx the clothes
- Crawl from clothes, feed on skin and leave back into clothes

29
Q

Pubic Lice Shape

A
  • Crab Like
30
Q

Pubic Lice Tx

A
  • Pyrethins/pb
    Officially indicated
  • Same procedure, shave the area
  • No repeast; shave the area
31
Q

Scabies

A
  • Tons world wide
    Crowded areas and people stuck in dire situations
  • Bugs right in skin
  • Tons of antigenic material –> itching after initial tx
32
Q

Scabies Transmission

A
  • Person to person close contact
33
Q

Scabies Tx

A
  • Neck line all the way down body
    Tough to diagnose
34
Q

Scabies Tx issues

A
  • Treat head to toe for 12 hours
    Permethrin = 5% dermal cream/lotion
    Itch will persist for a few weeks
    repeat after 7 days
    Blind tx of close contacts
35
Q

treating Lice and Scabies Blindly

A

Lice –> Go ahead –> every 2 days not even looking, low-level risk but may be overkill

Scabies –. TREAT BLINDLY

36
Q

Bed Bugs Tx

A
  • Woodwork, come out to feed in bed then go back
  • Treating the itch –> Calamine

phar 153 (7 decks)

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