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World Politics > Liberalism > Flashcards

Liberalism Flashcards

1
Q

Hoffman, Keohane, Nye

A

Sometimes states do cooperate deeply, putting selves at risk of exploitation in exchange for long term benefits through the construction of institutions to facilitate cooperation.

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2
Q

Neo-Liberal Critique of Structural Realism

A

Democratic Peace Theory
Rise in importance of non-state actors
Increase in Institutional International Cooperation

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3
Q

Nye on Power

A

cannot be thought of only militarily

  1. economic - multipolar world, (US, EU, PRC)
  2. military - unipolar (US)
  3. transnational relations, non-state actors, power is dispersed
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4
Q

De Toqueville

A

Democracy in America

  • Principles of sovereignty of the people
  • republican representative democracy has succeeded because of civil society
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5
Q

Kant: Perpetual Peace

A

Basis of much of liberalism and DPT; states that peace can be achieved if:

  • Civil constitution of all states be republican
  • Law of nations should be founded on a federation of free states
  • law of world citizenship shall be limited to universal hospitality (right of individual interaction with each other)
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6
Q

Modelski’s Three Structured World System

A
  1. Global Political System (incl institutions and informal arrangements)
  2. World Economy
  3. World Cultural Subsystem
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7
Q

Modelski

A 
3 structure world system (GPS, WE, WCS)
Long cycle theory
  1. Global War
  2. Emergence of World Power
  3. De-legitimization
  4. De-concentration
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8
Q

Keohane and Nye

A

cooperation on little things will engender cooperation on bigger things. interdependence increases institutionalized international cooperation

disproportionate effect of nukes makes them less than useful for achieving goals.

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9
Q

Neoliberalism core tenets

A
  1. States should be concerned with absolute gains, not with relative gains.
  2. Cooperation within the anarchic system to achieve mutual wins
  3. Institutions are relevant actors on the world stage
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10
Q

Keohane After Hegemony

A

K uses game theory to show that rational choice predicts cooperation because prisoner’s Dilemma is iterative in IR.
non-defection is a winning strategy (Olsen says small N cooperation is easier)

States value future interactions
states have long defection memories

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11
Q

Nye Paradox of American Power

A

The US is to great to be challenged by another state but not powerful enough to solve the problems of the world alone.

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12
Q

Democratic Peace Theory

A

roots in Kant (Perpetual Peace 1795) - republican constitutions provides perpetual peace because war requires consent of the citizenry
-problematic due to restrictive definition of democracies and small n

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13
Q

Hoffman

A

Primacy or World Order (1978)
States are still principal actors, but interdependence has created a need for cooperation and rise of non-state actors - makes military use a lot less likely

America should design to make a better system of world order to organize cooperative behavior

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14
Q

John Locke

A

Two treatises of government

  • argues against divine right of kings
  • theory of civil society - all men are equal in a state of nature
  • government derives its authority from the consent of the governed
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15
Q

Nye on Globalization

A

growth of networks of worldwide interdependence that cannot be managed by any one state acting alone

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16
Q

Benefit of Institutions

A

make it possible to look at absolute rather than relative gains

provide information on intentions and credible commitments

17
Q

Mearschiemer False Promise of international Institutions

A

Institutions have minimal influence on state behavior and thus hold little promise for promoting stability in a post cold-war world

because they were built by cold war players to advance their interests

18
Q

Neo Liberal Institutionalism

A 
Kant
Hoffman
Keohane
Nye
Singer and Wildavsky
Modelski (ish)
19
Q

What does neo liberal institutionalism attempt to do

A

show how international institutions can enhance interstate cooperation and mutual gains by increasing information about the intentions of other actors and their compliance to agreements

20
Q

nye Paradox of American Power

A

Paradox is that America is by far the most powerful nation in the history of the world, but cannot solve all of the worlds problems

cultural, economic and military hegemony, but interdependent with the rest of the world

21
Q

Monad States and Dyad States

A

democratic regimes are neither more nor less war prone than others. At the dyad level, democracies rarely fight other democracies.

22
Q

Collective Security Assumptions

A
  1. Diffusion of Power (preponderance can be brought against any aggressor)
  2. Universal Membership
  3. Definition of aggression is agreed to by all
  4. All must disregard short term interest and take up arms against an aggressor no matter what
23
Q

Layne on Democratic Peace Theory

A

DPT is important and practical but not supported by evidence

Similar States act similarly

DPT design is flawed due to low number of wars and dispersal of geography (Brazil fighting Norway)?

24
Q

Layne Kant or Can’t

A
  1. Critique on causal logic of the DPT
  2. Empirical test
    DPT contains a correlation, but no causal link
    - N is small because not all Dyads are equal (Timor won’t ever fight Fiji)
    Reverse causality prop (Low threat - deomcracy)
    Conclusion - Realism is superior as a predictor of conflict than DPT
25
Q

Stanley Hoffman

A

The US must make the enhancement of World Order, NOT balance of power, hegemony, or isolation, the goal of Foreign Policy. (written in 1978)
-emphasis on interdependence

26
Q

Kegley and Raymond

A

The best approach to preserve peace is a concert based collective security system
-= rejects Waltz’s multipolarity instability

27
Q

Singer and Wildavsky

A

Real World Order (DPT ish)
Zones of Peace - democratic states will remain progressive and develop non-violent solutions

Zones of Turmoil- Political relationships determined by relative military power (non democracies)

28
Q

Hoffman’s Three structures of World Order

A
  1. Military relationship of the superpowers
  2. United Nations (supposed to be a US/USSR collaboration)
  3. Economic Order of the non-Communist world
29
Q

Singer and Wildavsky thesis

A

The secret to escaping turmoil is to adopt the culture and institutions of the peaceful democracies

World Politics (3 decks)

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