Liberal reforming legislation in the 1960s Flashcards
Who was key to liberal reforms?
Roy Jenkins
What Labour government policies were ahead of their time?
-Abolition of capital punishment
-Abortion Act
-Sexual offences Act
-Divorce laws
What were the dividing lines in the Labour government about liberal reforms?
Labour leaders such as Harold Wilson and George Brown were conservative on moral issues along with many working class Labour MPs remained suspicious of change.
What did Labour favour when it came to altering law?
Labour also favoured the use of ‘expert witnesses’ and a technical/rational approach to alterations in the law.
What was the provision for backbench MPs to introduce legislation?
Private Member bills
What kind of vote were private member bills usually?
Free vote
What is a free vote?
MPs are allowed to vote without the party whip.
When was capital punishment abolished?
1969
What did Jenkins refuse to do in 1967?
In 1967 Jenkins also refused to authorise the beating of prisoners, which ceased after 1967
What did Jenkins bring in to do with juries?
He brought in majority votes for juries instead of unanimity
Effect of unanimity juries?
This helped put many skilled and deadly criminals behind bars.
Effect of abolition of capital punishment = ?
Didn’t significantly reduce the number of murders or violent crimes as supporters had hoped for.
When was the divorce reform act passed?
1969
What did the divorce reform act allow for?
This allowed for ‘no fault divorce’ following the breakdown of a marriage.
Under what circumstances could couples divorce?
- They had lived apart for two years and both partners agreed to a divorce
- They had lived apart for 5 years and one partner wanted the divorce.
What was the backlash from MPs for the liberal reforming legislation?
Many Christian MPs thought that Labour were discarding Judea Christian morality that had existed in the UK for the last 1000 years.
Effect of the 1969 divorce reform act = ?
Following the reforms there were large numbers of divorce, this could be attributed to growing Female independence, however it is very likely the act played a major role.
Number of divorces in 1950?
2 divorces in 1000 married couples in England and Wales