LGBTQIA+

Question 1

Importance of Discussing LBGTQ Health

Answer 1

• many LGBTQ people who seek help, are discriminated against or marginalized - do not want to continue to seek care
• distressing, considering most of us in helping professions seek to serve everyone equally - biases limit us from serving populations that need us most
• cishet people are privileged - have never had identity called into question by HCPs; have never had a health crisis blamed on our identity/orientation

Question 2

Define:

Gender

Answer 2

• some say gender is binary
• others say it is a spectrum between hypermasc and hyperfem. - limiting - police bodies to aim to fit into society. to identify as otherwise means to ‘fail at gender’
• gender IS freeflowing, creative, not something to be surveilled

Question 3

Define:

Sexual Orientation

Answer 3

• more expansive than a spectrum
• sexual attraction - can have no sexual attraction, be attracted to men, women, NB people, combination of both, somewhere in between
• romantic attraction - someone can be romantically attracted to men and women but only sexually attracted to women; can have relationships with women, but may data/marry a man without sexual contact

Question 4

Definitions and criticisms of

LGBTQIA2s+ acronym

Answer 4

lesbian, gay, bi, trans, queer, two-spirit, intersex, asexual
* criticism: limiting; has an order of letters which can be viewed as political

Question 5

Definitions and criticisms of

QUILTBAG acronym

Answer 5

queer, undecided, intersex, lesvian, trans, bi, asexual, gay
* criticism: term ‘queer’ also limiting

Question 6

Definitions and criticisms of

MOGAI acronym

Answer 6

marginalized orientations, gender alignments and intersex

Question 7

Definitions and criticisms of

MGSRI acronym

Answer 7

marginalized gender, sexual and romantic identities
* used on campus by Rebound Trent
* encompasses differentiation between sexual, romantic, and gender identities

Question 8

Describe:

Social justice and language surrounding LGBTQ populations

Answer 8

• lanugage always changing because queer people have always been identified by other things (medical establishment, religious institutions) by systems of power as a form of oppression or determined as illness
• now have freedom to describe themselves
• more people coming to table - colonial repression of trans and gender identities across globe in countries such as india and south america - community is trying to reclaim identity

Question 9

T/F

i do not have a conscious bias against members of particular groups, so i will always remain unbiased

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Define

Cloning Bias

Answer 10

• more personable and likeable to people who look like us or are like us
• has evolutionarily kept us alive
• now that we have a more diverse society, people in power want to work with and trust in people who look like them or are like them
• prevents upward mobility of a large group of people who do not have access to managerial work

Question 11

Define

Ingroups and outgroups

Answer 11

• people you share commonalities with do not have to work as hard to build relationships with you

Question 12

Define

Conscious bias to being bias conscious

Answer 12

• think you are unbiased because of your bias conscious

Question 13

Describe

Outcomes of diversity training

Answer 13

• people who attend diversity training thinking they know everything already are people who don’t take action after training is completed
• people who do not believe in diversity training become more disenfranchised from wanting to treat people equitably

Question 14

Define:

Microaggressions

Answer 14

• most common form of homophobia, biphobia and transphobia
• easily invalidated and LGBTQ+ people sometimes don’t realize they happen
• small, nonphysical and sometimes nonverbal behaviours that are hurtful, demeaning and often insulting to others
• so ingrained into society as a ‘joke’ or a fact of life

Question 15

Describe

Psychological impacts of microaggressions

Answer 15

• lower emotional wellbeing
• increase depression and negative feelings of self and others
• assail on mental health of recipients
• impede learning and problem solving - distraction from mentally replaying incidents
• takes toll on physical wellbeing of targets
• contributes to imposter syndrome
• cause target to distance selves from identity

Question 16

Health & social impacts of microaggressions

Answer 16

• may not want to seek care due to previous harm or fear of discrimination
• often have to educate their healthcare provider
• impact lack of access to healthcare
• higher rates of depression, anxiety, self-harm, suicidal ideation - even higher in rural settings
• leads to unstable housing - feel more accepted in larger and more diverse communities where cost of living is high
• LGBTQ youth more likely to experience homelessness and exchange sex for a place to live

Question 17

Describe

Political allyship

Answer 17

• policies are put in place to protect certain groups of people as an act of allyship, but in turn, may dienfranchise others
• important as people working within a power structure to ask questions about policy
• other times, policies that are put in place for ‘one particular group’ actually benefit the entire population - universal design

Question 18

Describe

Health-care disparities faced by LGTBQ Canadians

Answer 18

• higher rates of chronic illnesses, some cancers
• more likely to have conditions compromising immune systems, rate their health as poor
• less likely to seek urgent care
• disproportionate number living in poverty, experience unemployment
• higher rates of substance abuse disorders and mental health problems

Question 19

T/F

Health-care disparities faced by LGTBQ Canadians improved during pandemic

Answer 19

• False - they were widened
• • Difficult to know if disparities are playing out during the pandemic in Canada because detailed demographic data about who is most impacted by COVID is not being collected at the federal level

Question 20

Self-Rated Health by Sexual Orientation Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Canada

Answer 20

• no differences in physical health for gay men and lesbian women compared with their heterosexual counterparts
• middle aged gay men are disadvantaged in terms of mental health, but not women
• bisexual women are disadvantaged in terms of physical health and somewhat for mental health
• respondents who did not know their sexual orientation had poorer health across some measures of health and age groups

Question 21

AIDS and stigma

Answer 21

• AIDS spread more widely in 4H club - Haitians, haemophiliacs, homosexuals, heroin users
• Haitians were reprimanded for bringing virus into the country
• homosexuals and heroin users were focus of stigma and discrimination - suggested they should be tattooed to warn partners about infection, quarantine initiative appeared on california ballot
• innocent victims were children and hemophiliacs

Question 22

Describe

Response to AIDS (80s)

Answer 22

• response was largely facilitated by LGBTQ community due to lack of federal response;
• AIDS service organizations responded by providing care and support to those living with disease;
• policy and activist orgaizations arising to combat the indifference and neglect of local, state and federal leadership

Question 23

Who does monkeypox affect most?

Answer 23

men who have sex with men

Question 24

Differences between AIDS and Monkeypox

Answer 24

• monkeypox is not an unknown pathogen like AIDS was
• in early days of MP, we have diagnostics, vaccines and treatments for disease

Question 25

Similarities between Monkeypox and AIDS

Answer 25

• both zoonotic infections
• share similarities in the global and domestic response to these diseases. The Nigerian outbreak garnered little global attention and no urgency, no mobilization by the World Health Organization to use vaccines to control the outbreak there

Question 26

Response to Monkeypox

Answer 26

• The Nigerian outbreak garnered little global attention and no urgency, no mobilization by the World Health Organization to use vaccines to control the outbreak there
• in the north, there has been little investment in more than local containment
• USA - local, state and federal leaders vocal about not stigmatizing MP as a ‘gay disease’ but have been criticized for delay and inaction
• new generations of vaccines and treatments being scaled up in HICs are unavailable in Africa
• test kits in short supply
• WHO denied that MP is a public health emergency of international concern, despite worldwide dissemination
• LGBTQ and AIDS organization can also do more by parnering with public health officials on active surveillance and vaccination campaigns in venues frequented by gay men

Question 27

Current Risk of Monkeypox

Answer 27

• continued spread worldwide = endemic infection among gay and bi men - spreads through dense social and sexual networks and through multiple forms of intimate and skin to skin exposures
• adds burden of disease to communities already facing burden of HIV and other infectious diseases
• people can also spread virus to animals - possibility of establishing endemic reservoirs outside of Africa for the first time
• risk that without containment, the infection can spread in other settings in which close physical contact is common - homeless shelters, prisons, gyms, sports clubs. Similar to outbreaks of MRSA

Question 28

T/F

risk to Monkeypox to the general population should be what spurs us to act to respond

Answer 28

False:
* prudent and compassionate public health policies require a more rapid, engaged, and coordinated approach
* Africans and gay men should not be cannaries in coal mine for infectious disease