LFT's

Question 1

Jaundice caused by excess bilirubin production

Answer 1

pre-hepatic jaundice

Question 2

give an example of what may cause Intra-Hepatic Jaundice

Answer 2

• hepatitis (viral, alcoholic, drug)
• cirrhosis
• pregnancy

Question 3

give an example of a cause of pre-hepatic jaundice

Answer 3

Gilberts syndrome - congenital hyperbilirubinaemia

haemolytic anaemia

Question 4

Raised total bilirubin: raised conjugated and unconjugated
increased ALT to AST
slightly raised ALP to GGT

presents with dark urine and normal/slightly pale stools

Answer 4

intra-hepatic jaundice

Question 5

give an example of a cause for post-hepatic jaundice

Answer 5

any type of biliary obstruction - gall stones, carcinoma, pancreatitis

Question 6

raised total bilirubin: normal conjugated, raised unconjugated

presents as jaundiced with not other major symptoms

Answer 6

pre-hepatic jaundice

Question 7

what are the LFT results for post hepatic jaundice?

Answer 7

raised total bilirubin: normal unconjugated, raised conjugated
ALT is greater than AST
ALP is much greater than GGT

patent presents with dark urine and pale stools

Question 8

what are the 3 true LFTs?

Answer 8

Albumin
bilirubin
prothrombin time

Question 9

breakdown product of RBC?

Answer 9

bilirubin

Question 10

albumin

Answer 10

Chronic hepatocyte function

hypoalbuminaemia - liver disease, cirrhosis etc
hyperalbuminaemia - dehydration

Question 11

Prothrombin time?

Answer 11

acute hepatocyte function marker

Prothrombin is a protein made by the liver. Prothrombin helps blood to make normal clots. The “prothrombin time” (PT) is one way of measuring how long it takes blood to form a clot, and it is measured in seconds. A normal PT indicates that a normal amount of blood-clotting protein is available. A high PT usually means that there is liver damage as there isn’t a lot of prothrombin produced by the very due to the damage to it