Lezione 1B Flashcards

Grammar

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1
Q

Subject Pronouns!!

A

io noi
tu (fam)/Lei (form) voi (fam)/Lei (form)
lui/lei loro

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2
Q

The verb “to be” and it’s conjugations!

*Oftentimes subject pronouns are omitted.
Sono studente (I am a student)
Sono brave studentessa (Are they good students?)

A

Essere:

io sono noi siamo
tu sei/Lei è voi siete
lui/lei `e loro sono

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3
Q

Note the difference between these statements:

È un esame (exam)

C’è un esame

Ecoo un esame!

A

IT IS an exam!

THERE IS an exam!

HERE IS an exam!

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4
Q

Where does the adjective fall in relation to the noun?

A

After.

È un libro noioso

sono ragazzi studiosi

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5
Q

In what two ways to adjectives agree with their nouns?

*To refer to groups of mixed people, use the masculine plural ending -i

A

In number and gender.

Giorgio è contento.
Silvia è contenta.
Giorgo è Laura sono contenti.
Silvia è Laura sono contente.

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6
Q

Which endings for adjectives often require an h to maintain the hard consonant ending?

A
  • co, -ca. -go, -ga

* Exceptions: Simpatici, antipatici

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7
Q

How do you ask someone their nationality, and how do you respond with where you were born?

A

Di dove + essere, so:

~ Di dove sei?
Where are you from?

Use di to name the city you’re from:

~ Sono Italiana. Sono di Roma
I am Italian. I am from Rome.

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8
Q

What two ways are there to ask the time?

A

Using essere:

Che ora è? / Che ore sono?

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9
Q

In what two ways can you recite the time?

A

Sono or è:

Use è with mezzogiorno, mezzanotte, and 1:00
“È mezzogiorno/È l’una”

All other numbers are expressed with sono + le
“Sono le sei” “Sono le dieci”

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10
Q

How do you express minutes within the hour when telling time?

A

Use “e” to express minutes and “meno” as the difference until the next hour.

        "Sono le quattro e undici." 
                      4:11
      "Sono le cinque meno nove." 
                      2:51

Can use “un quarto/meno un quarto” for quarter hours, and “mezzo/a” or “trenta” for :30

“È l’una e un quarto” “Sono le sette e mezzo”
1:15 7:30

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11
Q

When telling time how do you distinguish between times of day such as morning, afternoon, evening, and nighttime?

A

Di/del mattina/o: in the Morning
“Sono le nove di mattina.”
Del pomeriggio: in the Afternoon
“Sono le tre meno dieci del pomeriggio.”
Di sera: in the Evening
“Sono le sette e quarto del sera.”
Di notte: at night.
“sono le undici e mezzo di notte.”

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12
Q

How do you ask what time something takes place and how would one reply?

A

~ A che ora?
“A che ora è la lezione d’italiano?”
What time is the Italian class?
“La lezione è alle dieci meno un quarto”
The class starts at 9:45

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13
Q

What are the days of the week? How do you express a reoccurring event?

A

lunedi, martedi, mercoledi, giovedi, venerdi, sabto, domenica.

“Che giorno è?”“Oggi è venerd씓Domani è sabato”
What day is it? Today is Fri. Tom. is Sat.

  • None are capitalized and all are maschile except domenica.

~ Use the singular definite article before the day. Omit the article when referencing a specific day.

     "Ho lezione d'italiano il lunedì"
   I have an Italian lesson on MondayS.

     "Vado in biblioteca lunedì."
   I'm going to the library on Monday.
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