Lexiacal + semantic and pragmatic development

Question 1

Aquiring vocabulary

Answer 1

begin speaking at the end of the 1st year
50 words at 18 months
200 words at 2 years
2000 by 5 years
4000 words by 7 years > out of actively used

understands a lot more
250 by 18 months

Question 2

first words

Answer 2

by 18 moths
daddy, mummy, baby - reduplicated consonants 
drink, juice, cake - monosyllabic 
dog, cat, hot, all gone 
basic monosyllabic greetings

Question 3

features of first words

Answer 3

familiarity
concrete nouns
missing grammatical function words, e.g. ‘the’

Question 4

features of lexical and semantic development

Answer 4

underextention and overextension

Question 5

underextention

Answer 5

common semantic meaning, giving a word a narrower meaning

Question 6

overextension

Answer 6

e.g. ‘daddy’ for every man, ‘dog’ for every animal

decreases with time and knowledge

Question 7

case study for lexical and semantic development

Answer 7

Aitchinson 1987
3 stages in acquisition of vocabulary
labelling - links between words and objects
packaging - understanding word’s range of meaning
network building - connections between words, e.g. opposites

Question 8

case study of pragmatic development, functions

Answer 8

Halliday 1975

7 functions of early language

Question 9

what are Halliday’s 7 functions of early language

Answer 9

instrumental
regulatory
interactional
personal

heuristic
imaginative
representational

Question 10

what is the overall function of Halliday’s first 4 functions

Answer 10

to satisfy physical, emotion and social needs

Question 11

what is the overall function of Halliday’s last 3 functions

Answer 11

coming to terms with the environment

Question 12

instrumental

Answer 12

expressing needs

Question 13

regulatory

Answer 13

telling others what to do

Question 14

interactional

Answer 14

making contact with others and forming relationships

Question 15

personal

Answer 15

expressing feelings, opinions and identity

Question 16

heuristic

Answer 16

to gain knowledge of the environment

Question 17

imaginative

Answer 17

stories/jokes/imaginary environment

Question 18

representational

Answer 18

facts and information

Question 19

case study relating to model of conversation

Answer 19

Bancroft 1996
peek a boo parallels with a typical conversation
1) turn taking
2) responding to contributions
3) common purpose and understanding sequence
4) pleasure

Question 20

conversations in pragmatic development

Answer 20

first utterances are statements, often ignoring other speakers
conversational skills come between ages 2 to 4
they become a more active participant and initiating conversation, learns turn-taking, responds to greetings and questions

Question 21

case study to do with conversations during pragmatic development

Answer 21

Youssef 1991
group of children on Carribean island
used variety of English in response