Lewis- PTSD

Question 1

PTSD must occur for at least ___while ASD lasts up to ____.

Answer 1

1 month

1 month

Question 2

PTSD is more prevalent among males or females?

Answer 2

Females

Question 3

Adults diagnosed with PTSD are more likely to also be diagnosed with:

Answer 3

Depression, anxiety and SUD

NOT ODD

Question 4

What is reactive attachment disorder?

Answer 4

1. Patter of withdrawn behavior from adult caregivers
2. Persistent social and emotional disturbance
3. a pattern of extremes of insufficient care

Question 5

What is disinhibited social engagement disorder?

Answer 5

Similar to RAD, it instead of disengagement it involves culturally inappropriate overly familiar behavior with relative strangers.

Question 6

What are adjustment disorders?

Answer 6

Stress-response syndromes occurring after exposure to a distressing event

• begins w/in 3 months of onset of stressor and lasts no longer than 6 months after stressors
• Adjustment disorders last 1 month then progress to PTSD

Question 7

What is PTSD?

Answer 7

A reaction to a serious traumatic event that involves actual threatened death, serious injury or sexual violation.

Question 8

How is it possible to experience trauma associated w/ PTSD?

Answer 8

Direcly experiencing
Witnessing in person
Learning that event has happened to a close friend/family member
Repeated exposure to aversive details of event (first responders)

Question 9

What are the four general groups that symptoms are associated with?

Answer 9

Intrusive sx (flashbacks)
Avoidance (people/places/activities)
Negative alterations in cognition and mood
Alterations of arousal and reactivity (hypervigilance)

Question 10

How long do PTSD sx last?

Answer 10

At least 1 month

Question 11

What are examples of traumatic events experienced directly (A1)?

Answer 11

1. Military related
2. Personal assault
3. Accidents/disasters

Question 12

What are examples of witnessed traumatic events (A2)?

Answer 12

1. Accident of war, disaster, other
2. Injury to other
3. Death of other
4. Domestic violence
5. Life-threatening illness/experience of child

Question 13

What are examples of indirect exposure to traumatic events A3?

Answer 13

Learning of violent assault, serious accident, unexpected death, life-threatening disesase

Question 14

What are examples of traumatic events experienced repeatedly (A4)?

Answer 14

Repeated exposure to aversive details of an event
First responders to accidents
Social workers, therapists, POs, psychologists

Question 15

What occurs during a traumatic event?

Answer 15

NE is released causing sympathetic activation that activates the fear response.

Question 16

What is the cause of too much NE?

Answer 16

Hypervigalence, autonomic arousal, flashbacks and intrusive memories

Question 17

What is the cause of too little seratonin?

Answer 17

Aggression, violence, impulsivity, depression and anxiety

Question 18

What happens neurochemically to pts with PTSD?

Answer 18

The switch is stuck on leading to too much NE and not enough 5HT

Question 19

What is the prevalence of PTSD?

Answer 19

10% women

5% men

Question 20

Which event has the greatest risk of causing PTSD?

Answer 20

Rape
severe beating/assault
serious accident

Question 21

What is the prevalence of PTSD causing events by gender?

Answer 21

Men- rape, combat exposure, childhood neglect

Women- rape, sexual molestation, physical attack

Question 22

What are the comorbidities associated w/ PTSD by gender?

Answer 22

W- anxiety and depression

M- irritability, impulsiveness and Substance abuse

Question 23

What percentage of PTSD sufferers have a comorbid disorder that may precede, follow or emerge concurrently w/ PTSD?

Answer 23

80%
Anxiety Disorder, affective disorders, SUD, somatization, psychosis

Children-ODD, SAD

Question 24

Women and men who have PTSD are more likely to develop major depression and mania.

Answer 24

TRUE

Question 25

What is the rate of attempted suicide in pts with PTSD?

Answer 25

20%

Question 26

How can you assess PTSD through DREAMS?

Answer 26

Detachment
Re-experiencing the event
Event had emotional effects
Avoidance
Month in duration
Sympathetic hyperactivity or hyper-vigilance
*Components are a clue that a full diagnostic exam may be necessary

Question 27

What is secondary stress?

Answer 27

Partners develop symptoms that mirror PTSD without any primary trauma experience.

Question 28

What is exposure therapy

Answer 28

Education about common reactions to trauma, breathing retraining and repeated exposure to the past trauma in graduated doses. Goal is for traumatic event to be remembered w/out anxiety/panic.

Question 29

What is cognitive therapy?

Answer 29

Separating intrusive thoughts from the associated anxiety that they produce.

Question 30

What is stress inoculation traning.

Answer 30

Variation of exposure training teaches clients to relax. Helps client to relax when thinking about traumatic event by providing them a script.

Question 31

What is CBT?

Answer 31

Cognitive re-structuring

Creating different relationships with triggers

Question 32

What SSRIs are used to treat PTSD?

Answer 32

Sertraline, Paroxetine, Citalopram, Fluvovoxamine, Fluxetine

-Affects conc of 5ht and may reduce depression, anger, outbursts, avoidant, hyperarousal sx and numbing

Question 33

How do TCAs affect PTSD?

Answer 33

They affect concentration and activity of neurotransmitters 5TH and NE
-reduce insomnia, dream disturbance, anxiety, guilt, flashbacks and depression

Question 34

What medication is used for children w/ PTSD?

Answer 34

Prozac and Zoloft (for OCD) in children in conjunction w/ therapy