Allen- Conduct Disorders

Question 1

Conduct disorders are more common in…

Anxiety and depression are more common in…

Answer 1

Boys

Girls

Question 2

What are the diagnostic criteria for CD?

Answer 2

1. Aggression to people and animals
2. Destruction of property (fire setting)
3. Deceitfulness or theft (stolen nonvaluable items)
4. Serious violations of rules
   * 3 or more in past 12 months w/ 1 in past 6 months

Question 3

What are some gender differences in CD?

Answer 3

Greater in boys (10%) than girls (4%)

Girls follow nonaggressive pathway–indirect aggressions are more common

Question 4

Culturally what is CD associated with?

Answer 4

SES and ethnic minority status

Question 5

What is the core feature of CD?

Answer 5

Little empathy and concern for the feelings of others

• lack of conscience
• failure to learn from experience

*Callous unemotional traits > higher aggression/cruelty > more difficult to treat w/ poor outcomes

Question 6

What is Oppositional Defiant disorder (ODD)?

Answer 6

A pattern of negative, hostile and defiant behavior lasting at least 6 months with 4 of the following present:

• often loses temper
• often argues w/ adult
• often actively defies or refuses to comply w/ adults requests
• deliberately annoys people
• often blames others for hi/her mistakes beahvior

Question 7

How is the etiology for ODD and CD similar?

Answer 7

1. As infants- hyperactive, irritable, difficult to soothe
2. Families- highly stressed
3. Inconsistent limit setting- repetitive cycles of coercive punishment

Question 8

How are ODD, CD and ASP related?

Answer 8

Normal youth acting out behavior >
ODD>
CD>
ASPD (antisocial personality disorder)

Question 9

What percentage of children with ODD go on to exhibit CD?

What percentage of children with CD progress to ASPD?

Answer 9

25%

25-40%

Question 10

What are examples of externalizing childhood disorders?

Answer 10

Conductive Disorder
Oppositional Defiant Disorder
HDD

Question 11

What is both an external and internal childhood disorder?

Answer 11

MDepressive Disorder

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Question 12

What are examples of internalizing childhood disorders?

Answer 12

Social
OCD
Social anxiety disorder
Spepc/Agoraphobia

Question 13

How does tx/intervention relate to ODD, CD and ASP?

Answer 13

ODD- manageable
CD- difficult to treat but manageable
ASP- costly to society, difficult to treat

Question 14

How do you treat ODD?

Answer 14

• Replace coercive discipline w/ consistent parenting
• Positive parenting program
• Problem solving communication training

Question 15

How do you effectively parent ODD children?

Answer 15

• positive attention and praise
• ignore inappropriate behavior
• clear, brief commands, and eliminate competing influences
• token economy at home
• time our for noncompliance in public places

Question 16

How do you treat CD?

Answer 16

Multisystemic Family Therapy
Home base therapy program
-strengths based
-promotes responsible behavior
-identify and target sequences of behaviour

Question 17

How do you diagnose substance related disorders in adolescents?

Answer 17

Pattern of substance use w/ 2-3 of the following sx in a 12 month period:

• recurrent substance use resulting in failure to fulfill obligations at work/school
• use in situations in which it’s hazardous
• substance related legal problems
• substance use affecting social/interpersonal prbolems

Question 18

What are the consequences of alcohol and other drug use?

Answer 18

• associated w/ the 3 leading caused of mortality among adolescents (MVA, homicide, suicide)
• associated w/ violent behavior, rape and unprotected sex

Question 19

By 18 years of age…

Answer 19

80% of youth have drunk alcohol
2/3 have smoked cigarettes
50% have tried an illicit drug

Question 20

What are predictors of SED in adolescence?

Answer 20

Behavior: impulsivity, aggression, sensation seeking, low levels of harm
Environment: stressful life events, lack of parental support, peer effects

Question 21

What is diathesis?

Answer 21

Predisposing biology, including genetic factors

Question 22

What is stress?

Answer 22

Environmental factors

Question 23

What is the diathesis-stress model?

Answer 23

If the combination of the predisposition and the stress exceeds a threshold the person will develop a disorder.

Question 24

What is comorbidity?

Answer 24

The norm–syndromes are often interrelated

CD is often seen in conjunction with substance abuse

Question 25

What is developmental psychopathology?

Answer 25

Nature of disorder changes d/t development of the individual