Levels of assistance and precautions

Question 1

Independent Level of Assistance

Answer 1

pt is able to do 100% of transfer. Needs no help from PT or assistive device

Question 2

Modified Independence (Mod I)

Answer 2

pt is able to do 100% of the transfer but needs assistive devices

Question 3

Supervision Level of Assistance (S)

Answer 3

pt is able to do transfer on their own but someone should be in the room if help is needed

Question 4

Standby Assist Level of Assistance (SBA)

Answer 4

pt does not require physical contact but PT might need to have hands ready to help or might need to help with cueing or set up.

Question 5

Contact Guarding Level of Assistance (CGA)

Answer 5

pt is able to do 95% of the transfer. They only require hand on the back or fingers slipped under the gait belt.

Question 6

minimal assistance level of assistance (min A)

Answer 6

pt is able to do 75 - 94% of the task

Question 7

moderate assistance level of assistance (mod A)

Answer 7

pt is able to do 26 - 74% of the task

Question 8

maximal assistance level of assistance (max A)

Answer 8

only able to help with less then 25% of the transfer

Question 9

dependent (D) or total assistance (total A)

Answer 9

pt is not able to help with any of the transfer and requires help for all of it.

Question 10

FWB: full weight bearing

Answer 10

able to put full body weight through the extremity

Question 11

WBAT: weight bearing as tolerated

Answer 11

pt able to fully weight bear however pain might be a limiting factor

Question 12

PWB: partial weight bearing

Answer 12

pt is able to put 50% of body weight through the extremity

Question 13

TTWB: toe touch weight bearing

Answer 13

only toes are allowed to touch the ground; primary only use limb for balance. less then 25% of body weight

Question 14

heel touch weight bearing

Answer 14

only allowed to touch the ground with the heel of the foot; primary for balance. less then 24% of body weight

Question 15

NWB: non weight bearing

Answer 15

no weight is allowed through extremity at all. Do not allow the pt to touch support surface.

Question 16

weight bearing precautions for a total knee arthroplasty

Answer 16

do not normally have precautions. if anything might be WBAT

Question 17

Total hip arthroplasty weight bearing precautions

Answer 17

if anything WBAT moving toward FWB

Question 17

total knee arthroplasty positional precautions

Answer 17

limited ROM

Question 18

total hip arthroplasty anterior approach positional precautions

Answer 18

no extension, external rotation, or adduction
when walking turn Toward the surgical side

Question 18

total hip arthroplasty posterior approach positional precautions

Answer 18

no flexion, internal rotation, or abduction
when walking turn away from the surgical side

Question 19

weight bearing precautions for open reduction internal fixation (ORIF)

Answer 19

typically NWB or PWB

Question 20

positional precautions for open reduction internal fixation

Answer 20

make sure pt does not break weight bearing precautions and have assistive devices ready

Question 21

sternal precautions (CABG)

Answer 21

no shoulder flexion over 90, no shoulder abduction over 90, no reaching behind the back, no weight bearing or pushing through the arms, no lifting more then 5-8 lbs. pt can hug a pillow with transferring or sneezing/coughing

Question 22

Cervical spine precautions

Answer 22

no lifting more then 10 lbs, aspen collar in place at all times, ROM restrictions per surgeon, no shoulder flexion more then 90

Question 23

Lumbar spine precautions

Answer 23

no twisting, no bending more then 90, minimize sidebending, LOG ROLL when moving from supine to sit or sit to supine

Question 24

purpose of fowlers

Answer 24

assist in breathing, facilitate abdominal drainage, tension on abdominal sutures, facilitate eating, reading, socializing, and relaxed the large muscles of the back

Question 25

high fowlers

Answer 25

75-90 degrees

Question 26

semi fowlers

Answer 26

40-45 degrees

Question 27

low fowlers

Answer 27

40 degrees

Question 28

purpose of trandelenburg

Answer 28

helps with venous return for pts with poor peripheral perfusion or postural drainage

Question 29

if a pt with a posterior hip approach is walking and is needed to turn which direction would they pivot?

Answer 29

AWAY from their involved side. ex right posterior hip turn to the left

Question 30

if a pt with a posterior hip approach is wanting to squat pivot witch direction would they squat pivot

Answer 30

TOWARD the involved side

Question 31

if a pt with an anterior hip approach is walking and is needed to turn which direction would they pivot?

Answer 31

TOWARD the involved side. ex if the right anterior hip turn to the right

Question 32

if a pt with a posterior hip approach is wanting to squat pivot witch direction would they squat pivot

Answer 32

TOWARD from the involved side