Ambulation Patterns and Gait Training Flashcards
1
Q
Considerations for a safe ambulation
A
- weight bearing status
- pain during weight bearing
- decrease in strength
- impaired balance
- alternation in coordinated movements
- attention to lines and equipment
- type of surface ambulating on
- altered stability
- absence of LE
- pt cognition and awareness
2
Q
preparation for ambulation
A
- review the medical chart
- assess the pt through ROM, muscle performance, sensation screen, balance and coordination, cognition and ability to follow commands
3
Q
perambulation considerations
A
- pick an assistive device to use
- determine the amount of assistance that is required
- safety (do you need another person to help)
4
Q
positioning during Level- Ground Ambulation
A
- stance behind and slightly lateral to the pt
- often appropriate to stand on pts weak side
- grasp under the gait belt with the forearm supinated
- other hand above or near the shoulder
5
Q
Progressing Ambulation
A
- level of assist decreases
- able to meet modified surface challenges
- improve in gait impairments
- increase in safety awareness
6
Q
types of gait patterns
A
- 4 point gait
- 2 point gait
- 3 point gait
7
Q
4 point gait
A
- used with 2 canes or 2 crutches
- 1-2-3-4 sequence
- crutch, opposite foot, crutch, opposite foot
- used with pts with poor balance, or that they are not able to lift more then one “point” off the floor safely
- cannot be used with NWB
- slow and stable pattern
8
Q
2 point gait
A
- used with 2 canes or 2 crutches
- 2 points are on the ground at a given time
- 1-2 sequence
- right crutch and left leg, left crutch and right leg
- cannot be used for NWB
- relatively stable and faster than the 4 point pattern
9
Q
3 point pattern
A
- 3 points touch the ground but they are not in sequence
- 2 crutches or a walker
- during one phase 2 points on the ground and another phase 1 point is on the ground
- NWB is always a 3 point pattern
- rapid ambulation possible but high energy expenditure
10
Q
Ascending stairs - guarding
A
- remain behind and slightly to the side of the pt
- outside foot on stair where pt is standing and inside on foot on the step below
- advance your feet up one step after the pt has advanced one step
11
Q
Ascending Stairs using Handrail
A
- position walker along the side farthest from handrail with closed side of the walker next to the body
- front feet of walker places one step above the step where the pt is standing
- pt grasps handrail and the other hand hold midpoint of horizontal band of walker
- step with the strong LE
12
Q
Descending stairs - guarding
A
- stand in front and to the side of the pt
- outside foot on the step to which the pt will step and your inside foot on the step that is lower
- alternative method is to be behind the pt - most pts feel more secure when someone is in front of them
13
Q
Descending stairs - using the walker as a hand rail
A
- position the walker along side farthest from the handrail with closed side of the walker next to body
- front wheel of walker places one step below the step on which they stand, and rear feet of walker remain on step where pt stands
- weaker LE lowered first
14
Q
Ascending Curb - guarding
A
- stand behind and slightly to one side of the pt
- pt step up onto the curb then you step up
15
Q
Ascending a Curb
A
- place the walker onto the curb
- step up with the strong LE and elevate the body onto the curb using UE and LE while simultaneously raising the weaker LE onto the curb
