Leukotriene Modifiers, Mast Cell Stabilizers, COPD Standards & Antihistamines Flashcards
zafirlukast, zileuton and montelukast
leukotriene modifiers
leukotriene modifier prototype
zafirlukast
are leukotriene modifiers oral or inhaled? which class do they belong to (bronchodilators or antiinflammatory)?
all oral
antiinflammatory
oral drug used for treating chronic asthma, NOT indicated for symptoms of acute attack
leukotriene modifiers
leukotriene modifiers require what test prior to use? and should you be monitoring for toxicity?
LFTs - hepatotoxic.
signs of liver toxicity (nausea, anorexia, abd. pain)
headache, gastritis, depression, suicidal behavior, hallucinations and neuropsychiatric symptoms are adverse effects of what drug class?
leukotriene modifiers
interactions with theophylline, aspirin, and warfarin occur with what drug class?
leukotriene modifiers
churg-strauss syndrome can occur when glucocorticoid dosage is reduced or withdrawn with what drug class?
leukotriene modifiers
cromolyn belongs to what drug class?
is it a bronchodilator or an antiinflammatory?
mast cell stabilizers
antiinflammatory
this med suppresses inflammation, but does NOT cause bronchodilation
cromolyn
inhalation agent that suppresses bronchial inflammation and is used as PROPHYLAXIS (not quick relief) in patients with mild to moderate asthma, as well as EIB & allergic rhinitis
cromolyn
cough or bronchospasm could occur as a side effect of this inhaled antiinflammatory
cromolyn
GOLD Standards for COPD include: Group A Group B Group C Group D What is the FEV1 for each group?
A: >80%
B: 50-79&
C: 30-49&
D: <30%
What drugs should be used for Group A and Group B according to GOLD standards?
Group A: bronchodilator (SABA, LABA, LAMA, SAMA)
Group B: LABA or LAMA
What drugs should be used for Group C and Group D according to GOLD standards?
Group C: LAMA
Group D: LAMA or LAMA + LABA or LABA + ICS
diphenhydramine belong to which generation of H1 antagonists?
1st generation
loratidine, fexofenidine, certrizine belong to which generation of H1 antagonists? which one is the prototype?
2nd generation
fexofenadine
which generation of antihistamines is sedating?
1st generation
CNS depression is most common with which 1st generation H1 antagonist?
diphenhydramine
what health condition should cautiously be used with diphenydramine?
asthma - thickening of bronchial secretions may impair breathing
what are the effects associated with 1st generation H1 antagonists?
anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, constipation, palpitations)
what is loratadine used for?
season allergies only
which 2nd generation H1 antagonist has delayed absorption with food intake?
loratadine
most common effects with loratadine (2)
drowsiness and headache
least sedating 2nd generation H1 antagonist
fexofenadine
which 2nd generation H1 antagonist is the best combo of efficacy and safety?
fexofenadine
with which H1 antagonist should you avoid juices d/t decreased absorption and subtherapeutic effects?
fexofenadine