1st & 2nd Generation Antipsychotics Flashcards
chloropromazine, thioridazine, fluphenazine, thiothixene, haldoperidol, loxapine belong to which drug class? which one is the prototype?
first generation, typical, antipsychotics
haldoperidol
aripriprazole, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, respiridone, ziprasidone belong to which drug class? which one is the prototype?
second generation, atypical, antipsychotics
clozapine
FGAs are also known as what?
neuroleptics
the most troubling side effects of FGAs are what?
EPS, especially tardive dyskinesia
what are the 4 extrapyramidal symptoms?
acute dystonia
pseudo parkinsonism
akathisia
tardive dyskinesia
which EPS involves severe spasm of the muscles of the back, neck, tongue or face?
acute dystonia
how long does it take to develop acute dystonia?
a few hours to a few days
which EPS involves bradykinesia, mask like faces, tremor, rigidity, and suffling gait? how long does it take to develop this?
parkinsonism
within the first month
which EPS involves restlessness, the urge to be moving, symptoms of anxiety and agitation?
akathisia
which EPS is not reversible? a late reaction to treatment?
tardive dyskinesia
how do you treat akathisia?
benzo, beta blocker, anticholinergic
what medication classes should you avoid with 1st generation antipsychotics?
anticholinergics (histamines) CNS depressants (alcohol, benzos) levodopa
do high-potency FGAs or low-potency FGAs cause more side effects?
low-potency
which FGAs cause more EPS, but less sedation, orthostatic hypotension and anticholinergic effects?
high potency
which potency is haldoperidol?
high potency
