Leukocyte Disorders 2 Flashcards
generalized neoplastic proliferation or
accumulation of leukopoietic cells with or without
involvement of the peripheral blood
leukemia
group of malignant disorders affecting blood and
blood forming tissue of the bone marrow, lymph system and spleen
leukemia
the most common form of leukemia in children
characterized by a rapid increase in the numbers of immature blood cells
acute leukemia
characterized by the excessive
build-up of relatively mature, but
still abnormal, white blood cells
chronic leukemia
the predominant cells are all cells coming from
common myeloid progenitors
Granulocytic or Myelocytic Leukemia
common lymphoid progenitors
Lymphocytic/Lymphoid Leukemia
presence of immature or abnormal cells with WBC count greater than 15 x 10⁹/L
leukemic leukemia
with immature or abnormal cells in peripheral
blood and with WBC count less than 15 x 10⁹/L
SUBLEUKEMIC LEUKEMIA
with no immature cells in the peripheral blood and with WBC count less than 15 x 10⁹/L
ALEUKEMIC LEUKEMIA
a type of myeloblastic leukemia
malignant green colored tumor of myeloid cases
formation of tumors originating from periosteum, especially of skull, orbits, nasal sinuses, ribs and vertebrae
chloroma
a focal malignant tumor
composed of myeloblast or
early myeloid precursors
occurring outside of the
bone marrow
MYELOBLASTOMA
cancer of plasma cells
myeloma
proliferation of one of
the cell types of the
lymphopoietic reticular
tissue
lymphoma
is a reactive but excessive leukocytosis
characterized by the presence of immature cells in the peripheral blood
increase in the total of leukocyte count in which
mimics leukemia
leukamoid reaction
is a neoplastic clonal MPD that commonly manifests with panmyelosis in the bone marrow and increases in RBC, granulocytes, and platelets in the peripheral blood
polycythemia vera
presence of JAK 2 (janus kinase 2)
JAK 2 is associated with bone
marrow disorder caused by the
production of too many blood
cells
polycythemia vera
treatment for polycythemia vera that prevents thrombosis
aspirin
given to a px with high risk for polycythemia
hydroxyurea
classified as a MPD in which the proliferation of an abnormal type of BM stem cell results in fibrosis, or the replacement of the marrow with collagenous connective tissue fibers
Myelofibrosis
treatment for myelofibrosis
Androgen theraphy
› Prednisone
› Danazol
› Splenomegaly – hydroxyurea
Characterized by autonomous proliferation of the
megakaryocytic cell lines.
Thrombocytosis is present without a reactive
cause.
thrombocythemia
treatment for thrombocytopenia
Busulfan in older patients
› Low dose aspirin to prevent thrombosis
› - Hydroxyurea theraphy
a MPD arising as a clonal process from a
pluripotential stem cell
begins with a chronic clinical phase that
progresses to an accelerated phase in 3 to 4 years and often terminates as an acute leukemia
chronic myelogenous leukemia
a characteristic feature present in proliferating
hematopoietic cells is the Philadelphia chromosome
has overproduction of myeloid cellulite that
results in preponderance of immature cells in the
neutrophilic line
chronic myelogenous leukemia
Can mimic neutrophilic glucamoid
reaction
chronic myelogenous leukemia
treatment for chronic myelogenous leukemia
Busulfan
› Bone marrow stem cell transplantation
group of clonal disorder of neoplastic
pluripotential stem cells characterized by a decrease
in one or more types of peripheral blood cells due to
abnormal maturation in the bone marrow
Myelodysplastic syndrome
represent a group of neoplastic conditions
originating from cells of the lymphoreticular system
LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS
composed of small B-lymphocytes
with abundant cytoplasm and fine
(hairy) cytoplasmic projections
HAIRY CELL
LEUKEMIA
also known as Alibert-Bazin
syndrome
the most common form of
cutaneous T-cell lymphoma
is a lymphoreticular neoplasm
primarily involving the skin
MYCOSIS
FUNGOIDES
a malignant disorder characterized
by painless, progressive enlargement
of lymphoid tissue
Hallmark is a large binucleated or
multinucleated cell with each nucleus
bearing a very large nucleolus (Reed Sternberg Cell)
HODGKIN’S
DISEASE
Owl’s eye appearance or popcorn cells
Reed-strenberg cell
Nodular lymphocyte-predominant
Hodgkin lymphoma
is a B cell neoplasm composed of
relatively rare neoplastic cells
scattered within the nodules of
reactive lymphocytes
no reed-sternberg cells
NONHODGKIN’S
DISEASE
other names:
Plasmatocytoma,
Kohler’s Disease
is a neoplasmic
proliferation of
morphologically
abnormal plasma cells
primarily occurring in the
BM either in nodules or
diffusely.
MULTIPLE MYELOMA
is an uncommon
condition which behaves
as a slowly progressive
lymphoma
is proliferation of cells
which produce a
monoclonal IgM
paraprotein
WALDENSTROM’S
MACROGLOBULINEMIA
Other name: Glandular Fever, Pfeiffer’s
Disease, Kissing Disease (commonly called)
INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS
T cells reacting against B lymphocytes
infected with Epstein-Barr (EB) virus
INFECTIOUS MONONUCLEOSIS
represent a group of diseases with abnormal
proliferation of mesenchymal cells that are
closely related to phagocytic histiocytes and to
fat cells
due to inborn errors in metabolism
genetically transmitted
HISTIOCYTOSES/ STORAGE DISEASE
is a collagen disease which affects women
most commonly
characterized by skin rash, arthralgia, fever,
renal, cardiac and vascular lesions, anemia,
leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia
SYSTEMIC LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS
3 TYPES OF ANTIBODY of SLE
Anti-DNP
Anti-DNA
Anti-Nuclear
ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY
SYNDROME
a disorder secondary to an infection with the
human immunodefficiency virus (HIV)
a RNA retrovirus that is cytotropic for
CD4 positive T cells and macrophages
HIV
