Lessons 17-18 Flashcards
afflict
v. bring or cause pain and suffering
(affliction) n. condition of pain, suffering, or trouble
barren
adj. not fruitful; not reproducing
consist
v. made up; contain
drought
n. long period without rain
errode
v. wear away bit by bit; wear away by action of wind
(erosion) n. process or state of eroding
expand
v. make or become larger; give further details of
(expansion) n. act, process, or result of enlarging
famine
n. widespread and long-lasting shortage of food that may cause starvation
fertile
adj. able to produce good crops; able to produce offspring; able to produce ideas; inventive
oasis
n. (oases) n. pl. place where there is water in an otherwise dry area
pasture
n. field of growing grass where animals can eat; meadow
v. put animals out in a field to eat grass
primitive
adj. from earliest times; ancient; simple or crude
refuge
n. shelter or protection from harm; place of safety
(refugee) n. person forced to leave her or his home or country seeking protection from danger
revert
v. go back to an earlier condition, often one that is not as satisfactory
teem
v. be filled; occur in large numbers
wither
v. become dried out; lose freshness
animated
adj. alive or seeming to be alive; full of energy; lively
betray
v. be disloyal to; show; reveal
convince
v. make someone feel sure or certain; persuade
decline
v. slope or pass to lower level; refuse to accept; become less or weaker
n. change to a smaller amount or lower level; loss of strength or power
hilarious
adj. very funny
likeness
n. state of being similar; something that is similar
meager
adj. poor in quality or insufficient in amount
mischief
n. harm or damage; behavior that causes harm or trouble; playfulness; harmless amusement
(mischievous) adj. playful in a naughty way
negotiate
v. arrange by talking over; travel successfully along or over
obsolete
adj. no longer sold or in wide use because it is out-of-date
retain
v. hold onto; keep possession of; hire the services of
sensation
n. feeling that comes from stimulation of the senses; feeling of great interest or excitement or the cause of such a feeling
(sensational) adj. causing great curiosity and interest; very great or excellent
somber
adj. dark; gloomy; sad; serious
subsequent
adj. coming later; following
vow
v. promise seriously
n. pledge; promise
