Lessons 10-12 Flashcards
the hip is what type of joint
ball and socket
the hip is a joint between the
head of the femur and acetabulum
acetabulum is the
deep, large articulation area for the femoral head
acetabular labrum
fibrocartilage lip attached to the outer margin of the acetabulum
round ligament of the hip
ligament of the head of the femur that is a pathway for arteries to the femur
transverse acetabular ligament
load bearing ligament straddling the inferior acetabulum
the largest joint of the body is the
knee
the knee is what type of joint
hinge
femoropatellar joint is between
the patella and distal femur
the patella slides ____ within the groove of the ____ ____
vertically within the groove of the distal femur
medial tibiofemoral joint is between
the medial condyles of the femur and tibia
lateral tibiofemoral joint is between
the lateral condyles of the femur and tibia
the knee joint function
flexion and extension of the leg
patella protects
quadriceps tendon from friction
medial and lateral meniscus
c-shaped fibrocartilage structure between the surfaces of the tibia and femur
meniscus are ___ are the inside and ____ on the outside
thin, thick
meniscus provide
padding and fill gap between the tibia and femur
Fibular collateral ligament
lateral ligament spanning from the later epicondyle of the femur to the head of the fibula
tibial collateral ligament
runs from the medial epicondyle of the femur to the medial tibia
collateral ligaments function
stabilize the knee, and prevent rotation
intracapsular ligaments
anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments
intracapsular ligaments resist
hyperextension
the anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments form what shape
an x shape
the posterior cruciate ligament supports knee when
flexed
the anterior cruciate ligament supports the knee when
extended
talocrural joint articulates between
the talus bone and distal ends of the tibia and fibula
the ankle joint is what type of joint
hinge
the ankle joint is uniaxial, meaning
only does dorsiflexion and plantar flexion
spinal nerves
nerves connected to the spinal cord that innervate the body’s periphery
spinal nerves do what
carry sensory information to the CNS and motor information away from the CNS
nervous plexuses
axon reorganization along the vertebral column
lumbar plexus
rise from all of the lumbar spinal nerves and gives rise to nerves innervating the pelvis and anterior leg
nerves that rise from the lumbar plexus
obturator, femoral, fibular, plantar
the lumbar plexus originates at what lumbar vertebrae
L1-L5
sacral plexus
rise from the lower lumbar nerves and sacral nerves
nerves that rise from the sacral plexus
gluteal, pudendal, sciatic, tibial, fibular
the sacral plexus originate at
L 4-5, S 1-4
femoral nerve innervates
the anterior thigh region
obturator nerve innervates
the medial aspect of the thigh
pudendal nerve innervates
the pelvic floor
sciatic nerve innervates
the posterior thigh
the sciatic nerve feeds into which lower leg nerves
fibular and tibial nerves
tibial nerve innervates
posterior calf and lateral/plantar foot
fibular nerve innervates
does not directly innervate before splitting into deep and superficial nerves
deep fibular nerve innervates
the anterior calf and dorsal foot
superficial fibular nerve innervates
lateral calf and dorsal foot
key muscles which support the knee
rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis
common knee injuries often occur when
forces are applied to the extended knee
ACL injuries occur by
forceful blows to the anterior knee or a quick, twisting change in direction
TCL injuries occur by
a moderate blow to the lateral knee
unhappy triad injury includes
TCL, medial meniscus, and ACL
