Lessons 1-4 (Quiz 1) Flashcards
What are personal examples of evaluation?
Birth (check vital signs); Adolescence (achievement tests); Today (looking into the mirror)
At the most basic level, what is program evaluation?
- Applying common sense practice to setting with organized efforts (i.e. programs)
- A little bit of research and a lot of common sense
- Systematic investigation to determine the success of a specific program
What is the “Big Picture” reason to evaluate a program?
To determine WORTH or MERIT
What is the business of health education?
Changing behavior in order to improve quality of life.
How do we accomplish changing behavior?
Through health programs (individual or community programs)
Why should we evaluate programs?
So we can meet actual needs
How can an alternative of an existing program be considerably better?
It could have a more profound impact and/or cost less while having a similar impact
What are two examples of research abuses of the past? (reasons why we have ethical rules in place now)
Nazi wartime experiements and Tuskegee Syphyliis study
What was significant about the National Research act of 1974?
The NRA mandated the formation of the Institutional Review Boards (IRB) and submitted the belmont report
What are the Belmont’s Report’s 3 ethical principles?
- Respect for persons
- Beneficence
- Justice
What is meant by ‘respect for persons’?
- Recognition of the personal dignity and autonomy of individuals
- special protection of those persons who are immature or incapacitated
- Underage
- Mental/intellectual disabilities
- Prison inmates
What is meant by beneficence?
Maximizing any benefits
Minimizing (or avoiding) possible risks
What is meant by justice?
Ensures the procedure are administered/distributed fairly
What are the 3 major components of informed consent?
- Informative
- Comprehension
- Voluntary Involvement
When is consent considered voluntary?
- Participants are able to consent
- They are free from coercion
- They comprehend the risks and benefits involved
What is program planning?
Creating change; The “business” of health education is changing behaviors.
- Decision making process
What are the three Fs of program planning?
- Fluidity
- Flexibility
- Functionality
What is meant by fluidity?
- Sequential process
- Steps build upon one another
(strong foundation is essential)
What is meant by flexibility?
Adapting the planning as the process unfolds.
What is meant by functionality?
The plan must relate to the business of health education.
- Outcome of planning is improved health conditions.
What are some common triggers to begin the program planing process?
- Funding announcement
- Staff interests in area
- Strategic planning process
- News coverage
- Local activism
- Recommendations from evaluation
What should drive program planning?
NEED
- Should drive ALL health program planning
- Gives insight
What factor/task/issue propels the planning process?
NEED
What are the five factors common to all planning models?
(hint: NSPIE)
- Needs assessment
- Setting goals & objectives
- Planning or development
- Implementation
- Evaluate
Before developing and/or implementing a program what decision must be made?
Is there a need to be met?
- who decides?
- What information demonstrates community need?
- how do we best target the primary problem areas?
What is a consideration about defining a need?
We draw different conclusions about needs as we move from community to community
When can needs not be defined?
Need cannot be defined without regard to social context in which a person or group lives and works.
What are 3 characteristics about people defining their own needs?
- Not always aware they have a need
- Could deny a need (alcoholics)
- Could misidentify a need (adolescents may desire drugs when true need is social skills)
Does geography equal a “sense of community”?
No
What are 3 ways in which assessing need practically helps us?
- Resource allocation
- Program planning, development, and evaluation
- Provides information for tailoring a program to specific target population
What are the seven phases of the PRECEDE-PROCEDE model? (acronym hint: SEEIIPI)
- Social assessment
- Epidemiological, behavioral, and environmental assessment
- Educational & ecological assessment
- Intervention Alignment
- Implementation
- Process evaluation
- Impact and outcome evaluation
