Lesson I Flashcards
ἄγω
lead, drive, bring (paedagogue, παιδαγωγός)
ἄρχω
begin; rule (+ gen.) (archaeology; anarchy)
βουλεύω
plan (+ inf., resolve to do) (βουλευτήριον, council chamber)
βούλομαι
wish, want (+ inf) (cf. Lat. volo, Ger. Wollen, Eng. will)
γίγνομαι
become, be born, be, turn out to be (+ nom.) (the root of the word is γεν-, γν-, > γένεσις
γράφω
write
ἐθέλω
wish, be willing (+ inf.) (not found in m.-p.)
ἔρχομαι
come, go
ἔχω
have, hold, keep
κρίνω
judge; decide; separate (critic)
λέγω
say, speak, mean (cf. Lat. lego; Greek, λόγος word)
λείπω
leave (eclipse, ellipse)
λύω
free, loosen, release; destroy, break; mid. ransom (catalyst, analysis)
μένω
remain, wait (not found in m.-p.)
νομίζω
think, believe (< νόμος)
παιδεύω
educate, train (< παίς, παιδός child)
παύω
stop; mid. cease (pause)
πείθω
persuade; in m.-p. obey, trust (+ dative) (Πειθώ, Peitho, Persuasion, patron goddess of politicians)
πέμπω
send (pomp)
πιστεύω
trust (+ dat.)
πράττω
do, make; mid. exact for oneself (as a fee) (practical, pragmatic)
φέρω
bring, carry, bear (cf. Lat. fero, Eng. bear)
καί
and, even also, too, actually
καί … καί
both … and
ἤ
or
ἤ … ἤ
either … or
ἀνάγκη, ἀνάγκης, ἡ
necessity
ἄνθρωπος, ἄνθρωπου, ὁ/ἡ
person, human being, man, with article; humankind; of individuals and generically (anthropomorphic)
ἀρετή, ἀρετῆς, ἡ
goodness, excellence, virtue
ἀρχή, ἀρχῆς, ἡ
beginning, origin; power, empire, office; first principle (cf. the meanings of ἄρχω)
βίος, βίου, ὁ
life, livelihood (macrobiotic)
βουλή, βουλῆς, ἡ
will, determination; Council, Senate
γνώμη, γνώμης, ἡ
thought, opinion (gnomic)
δίκη, δίκης, ἡ
justice, order, right; lawsuit, trial
δῶρον, δώρου, τό
gift (Pandora)
εἰρήνη, εἰρήνης, ἡ
peace (Irene)
εἰρήωην ἄγειν
live in peace
ἔργον, ἔργου, τό
deed, work (erg, energy)
ἥλιος, ἡλίου, ὁ
sun (helium; Helios, the sun god)
θάνατος, θανάτου, ὁ
death (euthanasia, thanatopsis)
θεός, θεοῦ, ὁ/ἡ
god, goddess (voc. sg.,θεός)
πρός θεῶν
good heavens!, In the name of the gods!
λίθος, λίθου, ὁ
stone (lithograph)
λόγος, λόγου, ὁ
reason, word; speech; account; principle
μέτρον, μέτρου, τό
measure, moderation (meter)
νῆσος, νήσου, ἡ
island (Peloponnesian)
νόμος, νόμου, ὁ
usage, custom, law (cf. νομίζω)
κατὰ νόμον
according to law
παρὰ νόμον
contrary to law
νόμῳ
by custom, conventionally
ξένος, ξένου, ὁ
guest-friend, stranger, foreigner (xenophobic)
ὁδός, ὁδοῦ, ἡ
road, street, way (period, method)
οὐρανός, οὐρανοῦ, ὁ
heaven, sky (uranium, Uranus)
παιδίον, παιδίου, τό
little child, young slave (pediatrician)
πλοῦτος, πλοῦτου, ὁ
wealth, riches (Πλοῦτος, god of wealth)
πόλεμος, πολέμου, ὁ
war
πόνος, πόνου, ὁ
toil, labor
φίλη, φίλης, ἡ
friend, loved one (includes family)
φίλος, φίλου, ὁ
friend, loved one (includes family)
φίλος, -η, -ον
adj. [II] dear, loved
χρόνος, χρόνου, ὁ
time (can refer both to time in the abstract and to a definite period of time)
ψυχή, χυχῆς, ἡ
life, soul (psyche, metempsychosis)
γάρ
for, postpos. conjunction. Note that γάρ is not a preposition (the English preposition for is usually expressed in Greek by the dative case without a preposition), but a causal conjunction, a milder way of saying because.
δέ
and, but (postpositive conjunction)
μέν … δέ
on one hand … on the other hand (both μέν and δέ are postpositives and are used to point out that the words with which they are associated are being contrasted or differentiated).
εἰς
into, to, + acc.: (terminal accusative, place to which)
ἐν
in, on, + dat.: (locative dat., place where)
παρά
alongside, by, near (used of persons)
παρά + gen.
from the side of, from beside, from
παρά + dat.
by the side of, beside, with, near
παρά + acc.
to the side of, to, along; in addition to, contrary to
σύν
with; along with, by means of (of accompaniment or means)
σύν + dat.
(older Attic spelling ζύν)
