Lesson 9 Osseous Tissue (Fractures) Flashcards
what is the difference between a stress fracture and a pathological fracture?
stress fracture: break caused by abnormal trauma to bone
pathological fracture: break caused by disease
describe a transverse fracture
across the long axis (horizontally)
what is the difference between a displaced fracture and a nondisplaced fracture?
displaced fracture: produces new/abnormal bone arrangements.
nondisplaced fracture: bone/fragments are in normal alignment
describe a compression fracture
produced on the vertebrae on hard falls to the seat
describe a spiral fracture
twisting stress on the length of bone
describe a compound fracture
bone fracture that breaks through the skin
describe an epiphyseal fracture
occurs where bone matrix is undergoing calcification which can permanently stop the growth of that bone
describe a comminuted fracture
shatters the bone into multiple fragments
describe a greenstick fracture
only one side of the bone is broken while the other side is bent (partially broken)
describe colles fractures
a break in the distal portion of the radius (caused by reaching out to cushion fall
describe pott’s fractures
occurs at the ankle affecting the tibia and fibula
what are the stages of healing a fracture?
- hematoma formation (blood clot) converts to granulation tissue
- soft callus formation from granulation tissue
- hard callus formation (unites broken pieces while ossification occurs)
- bone remodeling (small fragments are removed by osteoclasts; osteoblasts deposit spongy bone converting it to compact bone
what is a closed reduction treatment?
bone fracture treated without surgery (ex. casts)
what is an open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) treatment?
surgical exposure of bone and use of plates, screws, or pins
True or False: men are affected more than women of bone loss at age 40
FALSE
