lesson 8 influence of early attachment on later relationships attachments

Question 1

what is an internal working model?

Answer 1

child forms a mental representation of their relationship with their primary caregiver
attachment becomes a template for child to base future relationships on

Question 2

short term consequence of internal working model

Answer 2

gives the child insight into the caregiver’s behaviour and enables the child to influence the caregiver’s behaviour so a true partnership is formed

Question 3

long term consequence of internal working model

Answer 3

acts as a template for future relationships because it generates expectations for what intimate, loving relationships are like

Question 4

what was the summary prior and glaser provided for each attachment?

Answer 4

secure attachment is associated with positive outcomes such as less emotional dependence, ambition and interpersonal harmony
avoidant attachment is linked with aggressiveness and generally negative effects
resistant attachment is associated with greater anxiety and withdrawn behaviour

Question 5

what are the two studies that support the influence of early attachments on relationships in children?

Answer 5

Sroufe et al
Myron-Wilson and Smith

Question 6

what was Sroufe et al’s study?

Answer 6

Minnesota child-parent study
individuals classed as securely attached in infancy were highest rated for social competence later in life, were less isolated and more popular and empathetic
can be explained in terms of internal working model

Question 7

what was Myron-Wilson and Smith’s study?

Answer 7

assessed attachment types and bullying involvement using standard questionnaires in 196 children aged 7-11 in London
securely attached children unlikely to be involved in bullying
insecure-avoidant children were most likely to be victims of bullying and insecure resistant were most likely to be bullies

Question 8

evaluation of early attachment on childhood relationships

Answer 8

a strength of this is the supporting research

problem is methodology used is flawed, questionnaire may have social desirability bias or lied about bullying or being bullied

Question 9

who did the study for the influence of attachments on adult relationships?

Answer 9

Hazan and Shaver

Question 10

what was the procedure of Hazan and Shaver’s study?

Answer 10

placed a ‘love quiz’ in an American small town newspaper which asked questions about current attachment experiences and about attachment history to identify current and childhood attachment types
also asked about attitudes towards love

Question 11

how many responses in sample 1?

Answer 11

620 responses
205 men
415 women between ages 14-82
91% heterosexuel
42% married
28% divorced or widowed
9% living with a partner
31% dating

Question 12

how many responses in sample 2?

Answer 12

108 students
38 men
70 women
answered additional items on the self side of the mental model
also measured loneliness