Lesson 8 Data Sampling

Question 1

Refer to the method or process of
selecting respondents or people to
answer questions meant to yield
data and information for a research
study

Answer 1

SAMPLING

Question 2

It has been rightly noted that
“because many population of
interest are too large to work with
directly, techniques of statistical
sampling have been devised to
obtain samples taken from larger
population

Answer 2

SAMPLING

Question 3

Is generally a large
collection of individuals or objects
that is the main focus of scientific
query.
example: senior high school
students in school

Answer 3

Population

Question 4

Refers to a portion or part of the
population that is representative of
the population from which it was
selected

Answer 4

Sample

Question 5

Is smaller, manageable version of
a larger group which are used in
statistical testing when population
sizes are too large

Answer 5

Sample

Question 6

Example:

STEM 11 SHS

Answer 6

Sample

Question 7

Refers to the list of members ofsuch population from where you
will get the sample

Answer 7

Sampling frame

Question 8

Example:

Pilot sections STEM 11 SHS

Answer 8

Sampling frame

Question 9

beginning of sampling could be
traced back to the early political
activities of the Americans in 1920 when Literary Digest did a
pioneering survey about the
American’s citizen favorite among
the 1920 presidential candidates

Answer 9

History of sampling

Question 10

Similar to snow expanding widely or rolling
rapidly, this sampling method does not give a
specific set of samples. This is true for a study
involving unspecified group of people. Dealing
with varied groups of people such as street
children, mendicants, drug dependents, call
center workers, informal settlers, street vendors,
and the like is possible in this kind of nonprobability sampling. Free to obtain data from
any group just like snow freely expanding and
accumulating at a certain place, you tend to
increase the number of people you want to form
the sample of your study.

Answer 10

Snowball Sampling

Question 11

The willingness of a person as your
subject to interact with you counts a
lot in this non-probability sampling
method. If during the data collection
time, you encounter people walking
on the school campus, along the
corridors, and along the park or
neighborhood, and these people who
shows willingness to respond to your
questions, then you automatically
consider them as your respondents.

Answer 11

Availability Sampling

Question 12

You choose the people
whom you are sure could
respond to the objectives of your
study, like selecting those with
rich experience, knowledge or
interest in your study.

Answer 12

Purposive or Judgmental Sampling

Question 13

Since the subjects you
expect to participate in the
sample size selection are the
ones volunteering to constitute
the sample, there is no need for
you to do any selection process.

Answer 13

Voluntary Sampling

Question 14

You resort to quota sampling when you think
you know the characteristics of the target
population very well. In this case, you tend to
choose sample members possessing or
indicating the characteristics of the target
population.
Using a quota or specific set of persons
whom you believe to have the characteristics
of the target population involved in the study
is your way of showing that the sample you
have chosen closely represents the target
population as regards such characteristics.

Answer 14

Quota sampling

Question 15

disregards random selection of
subjects. The subjects are chosen
based on their availability or the
purpose of the study, and in some
cases, on the sole discretion of the
researcher. This is not a scientific way
of selecting respondents. Neither
does it offer a valid or an objective
way of detecting sampling errors

Answer 15

Non-Probability Sampling

Question 16

Is a method of sampling that makes you isolate a set of
persons instead of individual members to serve as sample
of 120 of 1,000 students, you can randomly select three
sections with 40 students each to constitute a sample.
This sampling techniques is preferred in heterogeneous
populations because it minimizes selection bias and
ensures that the entire population group is represented.
This method is used when the researcher wants to
understand the existing relationship between two groups.
The researcher can represent even the smallest sub-group
in the population

Answer 16

Cluster Sampling

Question 17

Is a method of sampling from a population which can
be partitioned into subpopulations. Samples are formed
based on members shared attributes, characteristics such
as age, gender, nationality, job profile, educational level,
skills, etc.
This sampling techniques is preferred in heterogeneous
populations because it minimizes selection bias and
ensures that the entire population group is represented.
This method is used when the researcher wants to
understand the existing relationship between two groups.
The researcher can represent even the smallest sub-group
in the population

Answer 17

Stratified Sampling

Question 18

Is a statistical method involving a selection of
elements from an ordered sampling frame; it is a
like arithmetic progression
A method where researchers select members
of the population at a regular interval.
For example, if you want to have a sample of 150
respondents, you may select a set of numbers
like 1 to 15, and out of the list of 735 students you
choose your sample by selecting every 15th
person on a list of the population (by interval)
until you complete

Answer 18

Systematic Sampling

Question 19

is the best type of probability
sampling through which you can choose sample from a
population. Using a pure-chance selection, you assure every
member the same opportunity to be in the sample.

Answer 19

Simple Random Sampling

Question 20

occurs if the selection does
not take place in the way it is planned; such
error is manifested by strong dissimilarity
between the sample and the samples listed
in the sampling frame. The smaller the
sample size is, the bigger the number of
sampling errors

Answer 20

Sampling error

Question 21

involves all members listed in the
sampling frame representing a certain
population focused on by your study

Answer 21

Probability sampling or Unbiased Sampling

Question 22

2 types of sampling strategies

Answer 22

Probability sampling or Unbiased Sampling and Sampling error