lesson 8 Flashcards
briefly explain when tech and humanity cross
good life entails living in a just and progressive society whose citizens have the freedom to flourish
human person has the autonomy to make choices
[good life means living in a society that is fair, growing, and gives people freedom to live well.
helps create progress, but it should always respect human dignity.
humans have the power to choose how to use technology — it should help us grow, not control us.]
it is a milestone document in the history of human rights. Drafted by representatives with different legal and cultural backgrounds from all regions of the world, it set out, for the first time, fundamental human rights to be universally protected.
Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR)
- officially adopted on December 10, 1948.
- it became global standard for what human rights should be.
-document contains 30 articles (sections), each talking about a different human right—like the right to live, to be free, to work, and to be educated.
[very important document that defines the basic rights and freedoms every person should have, no matter where they are from.
created by people from different countries and cultures who worked together.]
it is the critical factors in one’s journey toward eudaimonia or the good life which exercise the right to accept or reject, minimize or maximize, and evaluate and decide on the scope and function of science and technology indicates human flourishing in science and technology.
human rights
- the focus of the human right-based approach to sci, tech and development
[Human rights help people live the good life (eudaimonia) by giving them the freedom to choose how science and technology affect their lives, making sure progress respects human dignity and well-being.]
“It seeks to place a concern for human rights at the heart of how the international community engages with urgent global challenges. The UN Development Programme characterizes this approach as one that ‘leads to better and more sustainable outcomes by analyzing and addressing the inequalities, discriminatory practices and unjust power relations which are often at the heart of development Problems. It puts the international human rights entitlements and claims of the people (the ‘right- holders’) and the corresponding obligations of the state (the ‘duty-bearer’) in the center of the national development debate, and it clarifies the purpose of capacity development.”
S. Romi Mukherjee
[human rights-based approach to development means putting people’s rights at the center when solving global problems. It focuses on:
Fairness – making sure no one is left out or treated unfairly.
Equality – fixing power imbalances and unfair treatment in society.
Responsibility – the government (duty-bearer) must respect and protect the rights of the people (right-holders).
It also helps guide how countries grow by focusing on what people need and deserve, not just economic goals.
This approach makes sure that development is fair and lasting by putting human rights, equality, and justice at the center of all plans and actions.]
true or false:
S. Romi Mukherjee says that science isn’t just a neutral activity
true
[it’s shaped by social values and how organizations work.]
this approach asks whether governments and other groups can create science and technology policies that:
- Protect safety, health, and jobs.
- Consider people’s needs in development and environmental plans.
- Involve people in decisions that affect their lives and resources.
[This approach emphasizes creating science and technology policies that protect people’s well-being and involve them in decisions that impact their future.]
this affirms everyone’s right to participate in and benefit from scientific advance
UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF
HUMAN RIGHTS (Article 27)
- Right to the benefits of science comes under the domain of culture
so its usually examined from a cultural rights perspective.
Affirms that all advances in scientific and technological knowledge should slowly be geared towards the welfare of the global citizens
UNESCO RECOMMENDATION ON
THE STATUS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS -1974 (Article 4)
- Calls upon the member states to develop necessary protocols and policies to monitor and secures its objectives
- To ensure just and humane society
All levels of government and private sector should provide enhanced support for building up an adequate and evenly distributed
scientific and technological capacity through appropriate education and research programs as an
indispensable foundation of
economic, social, cultural and environmentally sound environment.
UNESCO DECLARATION ON THE USE OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE -1999 (Article 33)
what are the 3 documents that provide important guidance and principles for ensuring that sci, technology and development are pursued in a way that respects and upholds human rights
- UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF
HUMAN RIGHTS (Article 27)
- everyone has the right to participate in and benefit from scientific progress. - UNESCO RECOMMENDATION ON
THE STATUS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCHERS -1974 (Article 4)
- stresses that scientific advancements should be aimed at the well-being of all people and should support global welfare. - UNESCO DECLARATION ON THE USE OF SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE -1999 (Article 33)
- governments and the private sector must work together to build scientific capacity that benefits all citizens and ensures a fair and just society.
[This approach focuses on helping people know their rights and making sure those in charge are responsible for upholding them.]
wat can the human right-based approach to science can ensure
- inclusive access to the benefits of scientific advancements
[Everyone can access the benefits of scientific progress] - foster the place of women in sciences
[Everyone can access the benefits of scientific progress.] - guide the establishment of sound policies in ethical issues in science, innovation and technology
[Ethical policies guide decisions in science and technology.] - preserve the diversity of knowledge systems
[Different knowledge systems (like traditional knowledge) are respected and preserved.] - sustainable use of natural resources in connection with the rights of indigenous peoples
[Natural resources are used responsibly, respecting the rights of indigenous peoples.]
it sets the parameters for the appraisal of how science, technology, and development promote well-being
human rights-based approach
- Forms the heart of the sustainable futures.
What does the growth of new technologies raise questions about?
Whether our current policies, legal systems, and advocacy strategies are enough to protect human rights.
Because many of the human rights risks from these technologies are still unknown.
We must ensure that our policies, laws, and strategies are sufficient to mitigate potential risks.
[The rise of new technologies makes us question if our current systems can fully protect human rights from unknown risks.]
is technology and humanity a necessity or a want
Technology provides convenience, happiness, and communication, making life easier and more enjoyable.
However, too much technology can be harmful.
There are ethical dilemmas about how technology is used, like misuse or creating negative results.
Technology keeps improving because of changing times and human progress, like with TVs, phones, and computers.
Roles of TV sets
Roles of Mobile Phones
Roles of Personal computers and laptops
Roles of TV sets:
Platform for advertisements and information dissemination
Recreational activity; good – stress reliever;
Platform for different propagandas and advocacies
Roles of Mobile Phones
Used for communication, surf-internet, picture-taking etc.
All in one device.
Roles of Personal computers and laptops
Surf the internet and communication
Use for job
Leisure/entertainment
what are some ethical dilemmas in technology and humanity
Most parent would argue that these devices make their children lazy and unhealthy
People are freely exposed to different things on televisions, mobile phones and laptop or computers.
humans vs robot
rise of the machines accompanying progress in science and technology may render human useless.
manual labor is gradually being replaced by machinery.
computers become more and more sophisticated.
robots usually designed like human beings are created to perform complex, repetitive, or dangerous tasks
with the development of Artificial Intelligence, there is a possibility that machines adopt the nature of humans. there is a need to reflect on the ethical problems posed by such development
actuated mechanism programmable
in two or more axes with degree of autonomy, moving within its environment to perform intended task
Robot
- Autonomy in this context means the ability to perform intended tasks based on the current state and sensing human intervention
this formulate working definitions for service robots.
International Federation of Robotics
types of robots
❑ Service Robot
A robot that performs useful tasks for human or equipment
a. Personal Service Robot
⮚domestic servant robot
⮚automated wheelchair
⮚personal mobility assist robot
⮚pet exercising robot
b. Professional Service Robot
⮚ cleaning robot for public places
⮚ delivery robot
⮚ fire fighting robot
⮚ surgery robot
❑ Industrial Robot
roles played by robotics
▪ Ease the workload of mankind
▪ Make life more efficient and less stressful
▪ Perform complicated activities
▪ Pleasure, entertainment, in parks or exhibits
▪ Toys, child-friendly
▪ Used in movies
known as the “Grandfather of Robotics”
George Devol
- for developing UNIMATE, the first material handling robot used in industrial production in 1961
- it was employed by car makers to automate metalworking and welding processes, revolutionizing the manufacturing industry.
He is an american writer and professor of Biochemistry at Boston University
Isaac Asimov
- created the 3 laws of robotics
who created the 3 laws of robotics and what are those
Isaac Asimov
1.A robot may not injure a human being or through in action, allow a human being to come to harm
2. A robot must obey the orders given by human beings except where such orders would conflict with the first law
3. A robot must protect its own ex existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the first and second law.
Who should be held accountable if someone’s safety is compromised by a robot? (Robotic surgery).
The manufacturer of the robot, for any design or technical issues.
The healthcare provider or surgeon who used the robot, if they didn’t operate it properly or followed incorrect procedures.
The hospital or facility where the surgery took place, if there were issues with maintenance, training, or safety protocols.
*If a robot causes harm, the responsibility typically lies with the manufacturer, the operator, or the facility, depending on the situation.
