Lesson 8 Flashcards
Common or concerning symptoms of the head and neck
Headache
Head injury
Head and neck surgery
Traumatic brain injury
It is critical in determining focus of the physical examination
Health history
Used to ask follow-up questions in order to obtain a full descriptiom of condition
OLD CART mnemonic
Note for the scaliness, lymph node, nevi or other lesions
The Scalp
Notr for facial expressions and contours
The Face
Note its quantity, distribution, texture, and pattern of loss
The Hair
Note for any deformities, depressions, lumps, or tenderness
The Skull
Note for its colour, pigmentation, texture, thickness, hair distribution, and any lesion
The Neck
Note for asymmetry, involuntary movements, edema, and massess
The Face
In front of the ear
Preauricular
Superficial to the mastoid process
Posterior Auricular
At the base of the skull posteriorly
Occipital
At the angle of mandible
Tonsillar
Midway between the angle and the tip of mandible
Submandibular
In the midline, a few cm behind the tip of mandible
Submental
Superficial to the sternocleidomastoid
Superficial Cervical
Along the anterior edge of trapezius
Posterior Cervical
Deep to the sternocleidomastoid
Deep Cervical Chain
Deep in the angle formed by the clavicle and the sternocleidomastoid
Supraclavicular
Sudden increase in intraocular pressure
Acute Glaucoma
Sudden increase in intraocular pressure
Acute Glaucoma
Mucusal inflammation of paranasal sinuses
Headache from Sinusitis
Viral or bacterial infection of the meninges surrounding the brain and spinal cord
Meningitis
Vascular compression of CN V
Trigeminal Neuralgia
Sensory organ of vision
Eye
The eye has critical components including the ________
Cranial nerves
Double vision
Diplopia
3 visual acuity test
Snellen Chart
Near Test
Peripheral
It is evaluated using visual acuity test
Eyesight
To test the visual acuity of central vision and the patient’s ability to see at a distance
Snellen Chart
A special hand held card held 12 inches away from the eyes
Near Test
How many feet in the snellen eye chart from the wall chart
20 ft
The distance of the patient from the chart and this number should always be 20 unless the patient moved closer for the testing
Numerator
It is expressed jn two numbers
Visual acuity
The distance at which a normal eye can read the line of letters
Denominator (bottom)
Used for testing children’s vision or people who are unable to read
E-Chart
It is similar to the Snellen Chart as there are rows with the letter E facing different positions
E-Chart
This test identifies the need of reading glasses or bifocals
Near Test
This card contains paragraphs and the prints gradually get smaller
Near Test
The patient is asked to read the smallest paragraphs as possible
Near Test
Normal vision in Near Test
14/14
Tested to assess peripheral vision
Visual Fields
A comparison between the patient and nurse, provided by the nurse has intact peripheral vision, to determine the areas of deficit
Confrontation
Inspect their quantity and distribution and any scaliness
Eyebrows
Note for colour and vascular patter against the white scleral background
Conjunctiva and Sclera
In dim light, inspect the size, shape, and symmetry of it
Pupil
Open area between the upper and lower eyelids
Palpebral fissures
Inspect the opacities
Cornea and lens
This helps identify the cause of excessive tearing
Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction
Look for excessive tearing, dryness, or crusting
Lacrimal Apparatus
Note for crescentic shadow on the medial side of the _____
Iris
A fine oscillation in the eyes
Nystagmus
How many are used in the extraocular movements
6
Delayed downward movement of the upper lid
Lid lag
The nurse would examine the patient’s eye without dilating the pupils
Opthalmoscopic Examination
The opthalmologist use this to dilate the pupils
Mydriatic drops