Lesson 11 Flashcards
It is one of the most serious and important symptoms and often signals of coronary heart disease
Chest pain
Unpleasant awareness of the heartbeat
Palpitations
The skipping, racing, fluttering, pounding, or stopping of the heart
Palpitation
A common patient concern and may represent dyspnea, orthopnea, or paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea
Shortness of breath
Fluid taking into lungs
Cough
Accumulation of excessive fluid in the extravascular interstitial space
Edema
Urination at night
Nocturia
It is dependent edema that is mobilized at night and returns to the kidneys for excretion d
It is dependent edema that is mobilized at night and returns to the kidneys for excretion during the night when the patient is reclining
Nocturia
Overwhelming sustained sense of exhaustion
Fatigue
Indicates poor oxygenation of the body
Cyanosis
Perform the physical examination from the patient’s
Right side
This may indicate heart failure
Orbital edema
It may warrant heart attacks
Anxiety
Poor perfusion or oxygenation
Cyanosis / Pallor
Provides valuable information about cardiac function and is especially useful for detecting stenosis or insufficiency of the aortic valve
Carotid Artery Pulse
Correlates well with pulse pressure
Amplitude
The speed of the upstroke, duration of its summit and speed of the downstroke
Contour
Small, thready, weak pulse in cardiogenic shock
Amplitude
The feel like the throat of a purring cat
Thrills
A murmur like sound of vascular rather than cardiac origin
Bruit
Venous pressure measure ate greater than 3 cm is considered as
Abnormal
The patient lies on the left side
Left Lateral Decubitus
The examiner should stand on what side of the patient; cardiac examination
Right side
Process of cardiac examination
I
Pa
Pe
A
Tangential light is useful for making this observation
Inspection
It may heave or lift your fingers
Ventricular impulses
Formed by the turbulence of underlying murmurs
Thrills
2nd Intercostal
Aortic
3rd Ics
Erbs point
5th ics
Mitral / Apex
4th or 5th ics
Tricuspid
The Left 2nd ICS
Pulmonic Area
The Right 2nd ICS
Aortic Area
The Left Sternal Border in 3rd, 4th, and 5th
Right Ventricular Area
Rarely used today to estimate cardiac size
Percussion
