Lesson 5 Flashcards
This data is gathered through interview
Subjective data
This data is gathered through senses as sight, smell, touch, and hearing during physical assessment
Objective data
Involves collected of subjective and objective data
Comprehensive assessment
It is an optimal lighting for inspecting structures such as jugular venous pulse, thyroid gland, and apical impulse of the heart
Tangential light
General sequence of performing physican examination
Inspection
Palpation
Percussion
Auscultation
Sequence of techniques for examination of the abdomen
IAPePa
Inspection
Auscultation
Percussion
Palpation
Sequence of examining quadrants
RL - Ru - Lu - LL
Right lower
Right upper
Left upper
Left lower
How many minutes to do auscultation in abdomen
5 mins
Close details of the patient’s appearance, behavior, and movement
Inspection
Tactile pressure from the palmar finger or finger pads
Palpation
Use of striking or plexor finger
Percussion
Use of diaphragm and bell of the stethoscope
Auscultation
Used to detect vibrationa
Metacarpal/phalyngeal joint
What finger is usually used in percussion
Third finger of left hand
Assess areas of skin elevation, depression, warmth, tenderness
Palpation
Evoke a sound wave
Percussion
The study of whole person, cover8ng general health and any obvious physical characteristics
General survey
It is done before physical examination
General survey
It is known as cardinal signs
Vital signs
Often called the 5th vital sign
Pain
What are the vital signs
Blood temperature
Pulse rate
Respiration rate
Blood pressure
The balance between heat produced by the body and heat lost from the body
Temperature
What part of brain: Heat regulating sytem
Hypothalamus
Temperature of the deep tissues of the body
Core temperature
The temperature of the skin, the subcutaneous tissue
Surface body temperature
The complex of physical and chemical processes
Metabolism
Our temperature is usually lowest between
1-4 am
The transfer of heat from the surface of one object to the surface of another without direct contact between the two
Radiation
The transfer of heat away by air movement
Convection
The transfer of heat from one object to another with direct contact
Conduction
The transfer of heat from liquid to gas
Evaporation
Temp of high fever
39-41°
Refers to elevation in body temperature
Pyrexia / Hyperthermia
Abnormally low temperature
Hypothermia
Prolonged pressure to the sun or high environmental temperatures can overwhelm the body’s heat loss mechanisms
Heat stroke
Occurs when profuse diaphoresis results in excess water and electrolyte
Heat exhaustion
Occurs when the body is exposed to subnormal temperature
Frostbite
Index of heart rate and rhythm
Pulse
Each minute, the heatlrt normally pumps about
5 liters of blood or 5000 ml
Pulses located away from the heart
Peripheral pulses
Central pulse, apex of the heart
Apical
Pulse rate less than 60 in adults and 70 in children
Bradycardia
Pulse rate over 100 beats per minute in adults and 140 in children
Tachycardia
A sign of low tension. The dicrotic wave feels like a second weak beat.
Dicrotic Pulse
There is a missing beat
Intermittent pulse
Absence of rhythm
Arrythymia
An abnormal condition characterized by a quick powerful beat which suddenly collapses
Water hammer or corrigan’s pulse
Normal beat of adult
60-100
Normal beat of newborn
80-180 bpm
A deep inspiration followed by prolonged expiration
Sigh
Snoring sound produced by secretion in the trachea and bronchi
Stertorous
Craking sounds in breathing
Rales
Average bp of adult
120/80
The highest point of pressure on arterial walls when ventricles contract
Systole
The lowest point of pressure on arterial walls when the heart rest between beats
Diastole
Deviced used to messure blood pressure
Sphygmomanometer
