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Psychology - Approaches AQA A Level > Lesson 7 - Psychodynamic Approach > Flashcards

Lesson 7 - Psychodynamic Approach Flashcards

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1
Q

Psychodynamic approach assumptions

A

Adult behaviour reflects complex dynamic interactions between conscious/unconscious

Emphasises importance of childhood processes

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2
Q

What are the three levels to the mind

A

Conscious mind

Preconscious mind

Unconscious mind

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3
Q

What is the conscious mind

A

Thoughts, feelings, memories person is Currently aware of

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4
Q

What is the preconscious mind

A

Thoughts, feelings, memories person Could access

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5
Q

What is the unconscious mind

A

Biological drives/instincts, inaccessible, largest store of info

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6
Q

What are Freudian slips

aka paraphraxes

A

Slips of the tongue

product of unconscious mind

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7
Q

What is the role of the unconscious mind

A

Prevents traumatic thoughts, feelings, memories from reaching conscious mind
-Could cause anxiety

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8
Q

How is the unconscious mind accessed

A

Dream interpretation via psychoanalysis

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9
Q

What is psychoanalysis

A

Therapist (psychoanalyst) uses free association & dream interpretation & inkblot tests

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10
Q

What are the two drives we are born with

A

Eros (sex)
Represents life instinct, has its own psychic energy (libido)

Thanatos (aggression)
Represents death instinct

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11
Q

What is the tripartite personality

A

3 parts: id, ego, superego

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12
Q

What is the id

A

Formed between 0-18months

Unconscious mind

Irrational, emotional, deals with feelings/needs. Selfish

Operates on pleasure principle

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13
Q

What is the ego

A

Formed between 18months-3years

Conscious mind

Rational, balance between id & superego

Operates on reality principle

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14
Q

What is the superego

A

Formed between 3-6years

Unconscious mind

Conscience, moral guide based on parental/societal values

Operates on morality principle

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15
Q

What are defence mechanisms

A

Ego’s compromise solutions to manage conflict between id and superego

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16
Q

What is repression

A

Unconscious blocking of thoughts

Thoughts continue to influence behaviour

17
Q

What is denial

A

Refusal to accept reality

Avoids dealing with painful feelings associated with trauma

18
Q

What is displacement

A

Focus of strong emotion is expressed on alternative person/object

19
Q

What are the five psychosexual stages

A

Oral 0-2 years

Anal 2-3 years

Phallic 3-6 years

Latent 6-12 years

Genital 12+ years

20
Q

What is the oral stage

A

0-2 years

Focus of pleasure is mouth

Resolution: Trusting able to give/receive affection

Fixation: Smoking, sarcastic, critical

21
Q

What is the anal stage

A

2-3 years

Focus of pleasure is anus

Resolution: Can deal with authority figures

Retentive: Perfectionist & obsessive

Expulsive: Thoughtless & messy

22
Q

What is the phallic stage

A

3-6 years

Focus of pleasure is genital area

Resolution: Adapts traits of same sex

Unresolved: narcissistic, reckless, possibly homosexual

23
Q

What is the latent stage

A

6-12 years

Focus of pleasure is on mastery of world and social relationships

Earlier conflicts are repressed

24
Q

What is the genital stage

A

12+ years

Focus of pleasure on genital areas

Resolution: Well-adjusted adult

Unresolved: Difficulty forming heterosexual relationships

25
Q

What is the Oedipus complex

A

During phallic stage boys develop incestuous feelings to mother and hatred for father

Castration anxiety from father, repress feelings for mother and identify with father

Internalise gender role and moral values (superego)

26
Q

What is the electra complex

A

During phallic stage girls having penis envy and desire father

Believe they were castrated and blame mother

Desire for father replaced by desire for baby

Internalise mum gender role and moral values (superego)

27
Q

+ Defence mechanisms are intuitive

A

Denial, repression, and displacement are ideas that can be appreciated by most people

28
Q

+ Practical applications of the psychodynamic approach

A

Development of psychoanalysis
-therapy for treatment of anxiety disorders

Foundation for psychotherapy in modern psychiatry

29
Q

+ Little Hans case study psychodynamic approach

A

Supports Oedipus complex

Case study rich in detail and in-depth data

Although can only be inferred, so subjective to investigator bias

30
Q

(-) Psychodynamic approach lacks falsifiability

A

Concepts such as unconscious mind, defence mechanisms etc lack falsifiability

Cannot be tested, not scientific

31
Q

(-) Small samples, psychodynamic approach

A

Mostly case studies (Little Hans)

Lacks generalisability since not representative

32
Q

(-) Psychodynamic approach based on psychic determinism

A

Everything based on unconscious mind and not accidents

States there is no free will

Psychology - Approaches AQA A Level (9 decks)

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