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Medical Lab Assisting > Lesson 7 - Clinical Chemical Testing > Flashcards

Lesson 7 - Clinical Chemical Testing Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

Proteins are made up of ____ ____.
A. amino acids
B. protein chains
C. polypeptide chains

A

A. amino acids

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2
Q

Proteins conjugated to carbohydrates to make hormones like hCG are called ______.
A. Pregnancy hormone
B. Glycoproteins
C. Polypeptides

A

B. Glycoproteins

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3
Q

Endocrinology tests the concentration of ______ in the blood.

A. Plasma
B. Serum
C. Hormones

A

C. Hormones

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4
Q

The primary laboratory test for carbohydrate metabolism is ______.
A. Carbs
B. Glucose
C. Hormones

A

B. Glucose

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5
Q

Therapeutic drugs are monitored in the _______ department.

A. Toxicology
B. Clinical
C. Hematology

A

A. Toxicology

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6
Q

How many gland-secreting hormones are there?
A. 4
B. 6
C. 8

A

C. 8

Explanation: pancreas, adrenals, thyroid, hypothalamus, pineal, thymus, testes, & pituitary

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7
Q

True or false: an anion is an electrolyte (ion) that carries a positive charge.

A

False, a cation carries a positive charge while anions carry negative charges.

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8
Q

True or false: The major extracellular anion that counterbalances sodium is chloride.

A

True, chloride is the major extracellular anion that counters sodium

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9
Q

True or false: an increase in potassium concentration is called hyperkalemia.

A

True, hyperkalemia is an abnormal increase in potassium.

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10
Q

True or false: Bicarbonate ion concentrations in the blood are controlled through the digestive system.

A

False, bicarbonate ions are controlled by the kidneys (renal).

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11
Q

True or false: the anion gap is used to detect undetermined cation concentrations in serum.

A

False, the anion gap is the concentration of ANIONS present. Not cations.

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12
Q

Where is creatine synthesized?
A. kidney
B. liver
C. blood

A

B. liver

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13
Q

The glomerular filtration rate is a screening for early detection of damage in the _____.
A. blood
B. liver
C. kidney

A

C. kidney

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14
Q

Buildup of bilirubin in the blood causes
A. jaundice
B. gout
C. necrosis

A

A. jaundice

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15
Q

Which is the most abundant protein?
A. albumin
B. amino acids
C. polypeptides

A

A. albumin

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16
Q

Glucose is a(n) __________.

a. Carbohydrate
b. Electrolyte
c. Lipid
d. Protein

A

a. Carbohydrate

17
Q

Which of the following is the pancreatic hormone that stimulates lipolysis in the absence of sufficient glycogen?

a. T3/T4
b. Glucagon
c. Calcitonin
d. Insulin

A

b. Glucagon

18
Q

Hemoglobin A1C is a laboratory test that detects hemoglobin bound to __________.

a. Hormones
b. Carbohydrates
c. Proteins
d. Lipids

A

b. Carbohydrates

19
Q

Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) is a waste product of __________ metabolism.

a. Electrolyte
b. Protein
c. Carbohydrate
d. Lipid

A

b. Protein

Explanation: BUN is a waste product of protein metabolism and is excreted through the kidneys.

20
Q

Cholesterol and triglycerides are classified as __________.

a. Lipids
b. Carbohydrates
c. Hormones
d. Proteins

A

a. Lipids

21
Q

Proteins that are catalysts for biochemical reactions but are not changed or used up are called __________.

a. Hormones
b. Enzymes
c. Electrolytes
d. Carbohydrates

A

b. Enzymes

22
Q

The Endocrinology section of clinical chemistry performs tests to detect and measure __________.

a. Electrolytes
b. Therapeutic drugs
c. Enzymes
d. Hormones

A

d. Hormones

23
Q

The Toxicology section performs a trough test __________.

a. When the patient is feeling their worst
b. At a set time after the dose, depending on the drug
c. Before the next dose is given
d. Right after the next dose is given

A

c. Before the next dose is given

24
Q

Sodium is the primary __________.

a. Intracellular anion
b. Extracellular anion
c. Intracellular cation
d. Extracellular cation

A

d. Extracellular cation

Explanation: Sodium is the major, or primary, extracellular cation in the body.

25
Q

The most abundant electrolyte in the human body is __________.

Select one:
a. Sodium
b. Potassium
c. Magnesium
d. Calcium

A

d. Calcium

26
Q

Which of the following is the pancreatic hormone that stimulates lipolysis in the absence of sufficient glycogen?

a. Calcitonin
b. Insulin
c. T3/T4
d. Glucagon

A

Medical Lab Assisting (15 decks)

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