Lesson 7 - Clinical Chemical Testing Flashcards
Proteins are made up of ____ ____.
A. amino acids
B. protein chains
C. polypeptide chains
A. amino acids
Proteins conjugated to carbohydrates to make hormones like hCG are called ______.
A. Pregnancy hormone
B. Glycoproteins
C. Polypeptides
B. Glycoproteins
Endocrinology tests the concentration of ______ in the blood.
A. Plasma
B. Serum
C. Hormones
C. Hormones
The primary laboratory test for carbohydrate metabolism is ______.
A. Carbs
B. Glucose
C. Hormones
B. Glucose
Therapeutic drugs are monitored in the _______ department.
A. Toxicology
B. Clinical
C. Hematology
A. Toxicology
How many gland-secreting hormones are there?
A. 4
B. 6
C. 8
C. 8
Explanation: pancreas, adrenals, thyroid, hypothalamus, pineal, thymus, testes, & pituitary
True or false: an anion is an electrolyte (ion) that carries a positive charge.
False, a cation carries a positive charge while anions carry negative charges.
True or false: The major extracellular anion that counterbalances sodium is chloride.
True, chloride is the major extracellular anion that counters sodium
True or false: an increase in potassium concentration is called hyperkalemia.
True, hyperkalemia is an abnormal increase in potassium.
True or false: Bicarbonate ion concentrations in the blood are controlled through the digestive system.
False, bicarbonate ions are controlled by the kidneys (renal).
True or false: the anion gap is used to detect undetermined cation concentrations in serum.
False, the anion gap is the concentration of ANIONS present. Not cations.
Where is creatine synthesized?
A. kidney
B. liver
C. blood
B. liver
The glomerular filtration rate is a screening for early detection of damage in the _____.
A. blood
B. liver
C. kidney
C. kidney
Buildup of bilirubin in the blood causes
A. jaundice
B. gout
C. necrosis
A. jaundice
Which is the most abundant protein?
A. albumin
B. amino acids
C. polypeptides
A. albumin
Glucose is a(n) __________.
a. Carbohydrate
b. Electrolyte
c. Lipid
d. Protein
a. Carbohydrate
Which of the following is the pancreatic hormone that stimulates lipolysis in the absence of sufficient glycogen?
a. T3/T4
b. Glucagon
c. Calcitonin
d. Insulin
b. Glucagon
Hemoglobin A1C is a laboratory test that detects hemoglobin bound to __________.
a. Hormones
b. Carbohydrates
c. Proteins
d. Lipids
b. Carbohydrates
Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) is a waste product of __________ metabolism.
a. Electrolyte
b. Protein
c. Carbohydrate
d. Lipid
b. Protein
Explanation: BUN is a waste product of protein metabolism and is excreted through the kidneys.
Cholesterol and triglycerides are classified as __________.
a. Lipids
b. Carbohydrates
c. Hormones
d. Proteins
a. Lipids
Proteins that are catalysts for biochemical reactions but are not changed or used up are called __________.
a. Hormones
b. Enzymes
c. Electrolytes
d. Carbohydrates
b. Enzymes
The Endocrinology section of clinical chemistry performs tests to detect and measure __________.
a. Electrolytes
b. Therapeutic drugs
c. Enzymes
d. Hormones
d. Hormones
The Toxicology section performs a trough test __________.
a. When the patient is feeling their worst
b. At a set time after the dose, depending on the drug
c. Before the next dose is given
d. Right after the next dose is given
c. Before the next dose is given
Sodium is the primary __________.
a. Intracellular anion
b. Extracellular anion
c. Intracellular cation
d. Extracellular cation
d. Extracellular cation
Explanation: Sodium is the major, or primary, extracellular cation in the body.
The most abundant electrolyte in the human body is __________.
Select one:
a. Sodium
b. Potassium
c. Magnesium
d. Calcium
d. Calcium
Which of the following is the pancreatic hormone that stimulates lipolysis in the absence of sufficient glycogen?
a. Calcitonin
b. Insulin
c. T3/T4
d. Glucagon
