Lesson 6-What was China's international position and regional issues in the early stages of the CCP? Flashcards
Define the term ‘Congress’ (in this lesson).
The US parliament.
What is the UN security Council?
A United Nations body
What were the UN Security Council set up to do?
Resolve international disputes and maintain peace.
At this time, who were the 5 permanent members of the UN Security Council?
Britain
France
Nationalist China
USSR
USA
What is the State Department?
US body responsible for foreign policy.
Between what years did Kim Il-Sung live?
1912-1994
Who was Kim Il-Sung?
A Communist revolutionary who held power as autocratic leader in North Korea from 1948 to 1994.
Between what years did Syngman Rhee live?
1875-1965
Who was Syngman Rhee?
US backed, anti-Communist president of South Korea from 1948 to 1960.
Define ‘Fait accompli’.
Something done in such a way it cannot be changed.
What was the Panmunjong Truce?
The agreement ending the Korean War.
How much of an effect did the Panmunjong Truce have?
It decided little since the two sides simply agreed to recognise the division of Korea at the 38th parallel.
Define ‘Sino-centric’.
Having Chinese interests at the centre of things with all other considerations secondary.
Who is Nikita Krushchev?
Emerged from the power struggle that followed Stalin’s death to become the Soviet leader between 1956 and 1964.
What is Yugoslavia?
It was the one Communist country in Eastern Europe.
What was Yugoslavia able to successfully resist?
All efforts by the USSR to control it.
Who was the leader of Yugoslavia when it managed to resist the USSR controlling it?
Marshall Tito
What did the term ‘Loss of China’ mean?
The US State Department’s term for US failure to prevent the victory of Mao’s Communists in China in 1949.
Define espionage.
the practice of spying or of using spies, typically by governments to obtain political and military information.
Who were the CIA?
Central Intelligence Agency.
The USA’s espionage and counter-espionage organisation.
What were the Reunification Campaigns?
B. in theory the purifying of the party by removing corrupt elements in practice, a method for silencing opponents and critics.
When was Korea freed from the control of Japan?
1945
After Korea was divided, who was the North and South controlled by?
North controlled by Russia
South controlled by America
What is the 38th parallel?
The line which divided Korea into North and South Korea.
Who was North Korea run by?
Kim Il-Sung
Who was South Korea run by?
Syngman Rhee
What was the exact date that North Korea attacked South Korea?
25th June 1950
How much nations was the US army made up of which invaded South Korea in order to help them against the North Koreans?
16
Why was the UN army helping South Korea a threat to Mao?
After South Korea captured he capital of North Korea, Pyongyang, he did not want a pro-American Korea on his border.
Who was Korea freed from the control of in 1945?
Control of Japan
Who occupied the North and South following the division of Korea?
North controlled by Soviet Russia.
South controlled by American forces
When was Korea divided in half at the 38th parallel?
1948
Who ruled the Communist North of Korea?
Kim Il-Sung
Why was North Koreans attacking South Korea a problem for President Truman and the United States?
They wanted to contain the spread of Communism by preventing a domino effect (spread of Communism to more countries).
What army invaded Korea?
North Korean People’s Army
How many soldiers in the North Korean People’s Army invaded South Korea?
75,000
Where the North Korean People’s Army successful in defeating the South Korean army?
Yes
What did the North Korean People’s Army occupy in South Korea?
The capital, Seoul.
Which army was sent to help South Korea?
UN army made up of 16 nations.
How did the American led troops help South Korea?
They entered South Korea and pushed back North Korean troops on retreat.
They recaptured South Korea.
UN troops moved to North Korea and captured Pyongyang.
Why was it bad for Mao that Pyongyang was captured by the UN army?
The capital city was the border of Communist China.
How much troops did China send to North Korea to aid them?
250,000
Between what years had Japan occupied Korea?
1910-45
In 1948, when Japan was defeated, what happened to Korea?
It was partitioned along the 38th paralle;.
Which countries protected/controlled the north and south?
North=protected by USSR
South=protected by US
In 1950, with what aim did North Koreans cross the parallel?
Imposing Communism on the peninsula.
Define peninsula.
a piece of land almost surrounded by water or projecting out into a body of water.
With whose support did the North Koreans cross the parallel, in 1950?
Soviet
Where did America believe the idea to cross the parallel to impose Communism on the peninsula came from?
They believed it was brought on by China and encouraged by Stalin.
Between what years was The Korean War?
1950-53
What was Mao determined to not let the CCP victory be during the PRC’s reunification campaigns?
An opportunity for regional (geographical) independence
What areas were the reunification campaigns aiming towards?
Tibet
Xinjiang
Guangdong
Taiwan
When was the PLA army sent into Tibet?
1950
What was the justification for the invasion of Tibet?
It had, historically, always belonged to China.
What were the people of Tibet varied in?
Race
Culture
Religion
Tibet had always regarded themselves as separate.
True or false?
True
How many Tibetans met together to resist the PLA?
60,000
Were the Tibetans able to resist the PLA?
No
Why were the Tibetans unable to resist the PLA?
It was hopeless because w/o an organised army or weapons they were no match for the PLA
What did the PLA do in Tibet?
Imposed a regime of terror aimed at wiping out all traces of separate Tibetan identity
Process = dragged on over many decades and brought immense suffering to the people of Tibet
What type of population did Xinjiang have?
Largely Muslim
What did the CCP fear about Xinjiang?
Would claim independence.
Fall into Soviet hands as it was on the border