Lesson 6: Reproductive Systems Flashcards
Define testes.
The primary male reproductive organs, which produce sperm cells and testosterone.
Define sperm.
The male sex cell.
Define penis.
The male organ that transfers sperm to a female and that carries urine out of the body.
Define egg.
A sex cell produced by a female.
Define ovary.
In the female reproductive system of animals, an organ that produces eggs.
Define uterus.
In female placental mammals, the hollow muscular organ in which an embryo embeds itself and develops into a fetus.
Define vagina.
The female reproductive organ that connects the outside of the body to the uterus.
Define embryo.
In humans, a developing individual from first division after fertilization through the 10th week of pregnancy.
Define placenta.
The partly fetal and partly maternal organ by which materials are exchanged between a fetus and the mother.
Define umbilical cord.
The rope-like structure through which blood vessels pass, and by which a developing mammal is connected to the placenta.
Define fetus.
A developing human from the end of the 10th week of pregnancy until birth.
What are the main functions of the male reproductive system?
The male reproductive system functions to produce sperm and deliver sperm to the female reproductive system.
What are the main functions of the female reproductive system?
The female reproductive system produces hormones and eggs, and provides a place to nourish a developing human.
How are eggs released?
Through the menstrual cycle; an egg is released from the ovary. The egg travels through the fallopian tube, where it is fertilized, and goes into the uterus where it develops into a baby.
How are eggs fertilized?
The sperm releases enzymes that help dissolve the egg’s outer covering. The egg and the sperm combine to form an embryo and the genetic material from the father and mother combine.
What are the stages of pregnancy?
First trimester, second trimester, third trimester
What happens in the first trimester?
Placenta begins to grow, at the end of week 10 the embryo is called a fetus.
What happens in the second trimester?
Joints and bones start to form, muscles get stronger, triples it’s size, can breathe and swallow.
What happens in the third trimester?
Can respond to light and sound, lungs completely develop, eyes can open and close, the fetus can dream.
How are babies born?
By muscle contractions called labor push out the baby and the placenta.
What changes occur during infancy?
Gains control of skeletal muscles, learns to speak, teeth appear, nervous system develops, begins to say words.
What changes occur during childhood?
Permanent teeth appear, can speak fluently, become more coordinated.
What changes occur during adolescence?
Adolescence = puberty-adulthood; reproductive system becomes mature, young males become more muscular, his voice becomes deeper, and facial and body hair appear.
What changes occur during adulthood?
A person reaches physical and emotional maturity.
