lesson 6 (muscle), lesson 7 (axial)

Question 1

name comes from a latin word for “little mouse”

Answer 1

muscle

Question 2

tissue moves the body by pulling on bones of the skeleton

Answer 2

skeletal muscle

Question 3

tissue pushes blood through the arteries and veins of the circulatory system

Answer 3

cardiac muscle

Question 4

tissues push fluids and solids along the digestive tract and perform varied functions in other systems

Answer 4

smooth muscle

Question 5

what performs the following functions:
- produce skeletal movement
- maintain posture and body position
- support soft tissues
- regulate entering and exiting of material
- maintain body temp

Answer 5

skeletal muscles

Question 6

bind a skeletal muscle and its fibers together

Answer 6

connective tissue sheaths

Question 7

dense regular CT surrounding the entire muscle

Answer 7

epimysium

Question 8

surrounds each fascicle (group of muscle fibers)

Answer 8

perimysium

Question 9

a fine sheath of CT wrapping each muscle cell

Answer 9

endomysium

Question 10

these are arranged parallel to the long axis of the cell within their sarcomeres lying side by side

Answer 10

myofibrils

Question 11

the H band and I band get smaller
the zone of overlap gets longer
the z lines move closer together
the width of the A band remains constant throughout the contraction

Answer 11

the sliding filament theory

Question 12

large in diameter because of many densely packed myofibrils
large glycogen reserves
relatively few mitochondria
can contract in 0.01 seconds or less following stimulation

Answer 12

fast fibers or white fibers

Question 13

are about half the diameter of fast fibers
take three times as long to contract after stimulation
are red because they contain the red pigment myoglobin
use aerobic metabolism

Answer 13

slow fibers or red fibers

Question 14

contract faster than slow fibers but slower than fast fibers
have more mitochondria
slightly increased capillary supply
greater resistance to fatigue

Answer 14

intermediate fibers

Question 15

are chiefly responsible for producing a particular movement

Answer 15

prime movers (agonists)

Question 16

assist the prime mover in performing that action

Answer 16

synergists

Question 17

are muscles whose actions oppose that of that agonist

Answer 17

antagonist

Question 18

skull = how many bones

Answer 18

22

Question 19

vertebral column = how many bones

Answer 19

26

Question 20

thoracic cage = how many bones

Answer 20

25

Question 21

appendicular skeleton = how many bones

Answer 21

126

Question 22

how many cervical vertebrae

Answer 22

7

Question 23

how many thoracic vertebrae

Answer 23

12

Question 24

how many lumbar vertebrae

Answer 24

5

Question 25

how many fused sacral vertebrae

Answer 25

5

Question 26

how many coccygeal vertebrae

Answer 26

4

Question 27

also known as accommodation curves, are the posteriorly sweeping curves of the thoracic and sacral regions
- develop before birth to allow the abdominopelvic viscera more room

Answer 27

primary curves

Question 28

also known as compensation curves, develop in the infant and toddler as anteriorly sweeping curve of the cervical and lumbar regions

Answer 28

secondary curves

Question 29

exaggerated 1’ curvature in the thoracic spine

Answer 29

kyphosis

Question 30

exaggerated secondary curvature in the lumbar region, lateral curvature of the spine

Answer 30

lordosis

Question 31

these 7 bony processes are part of what?
- anterior/posterior spinous process
- anterior/ posterior transverse process
- superior articular process
- inferior articular process + facet

Answer 31

vertebral arch

Question 32

fibers go down and medially

Answer 32

external intercostal muscle

Question 33

fibers go up and medially

Answer 33

internal intercostal muscle