lesson 3 (tissue), lesson 4 (bone) Flashcards
what is a group of closely associated cells that perform related functions and are similar in structure
tissues
the following are functions of what:
- provide physical protection
- control permeability
- provide sensation
epithelial tissue
single layer of flattened cells with disc-shaped central nuclei and sparse cytoplasm; the simplest of the epithelia
squamous epithelia
single layer of cube like cells with large, spherical central nuclei
epithelia
contain two or more layers of cells, regenerate from below, and major role is protection
stratified epithelia
the collective term for the extracellular component of any connective tissue that is made up of the protein fibers and the ground substance
matrix
very long, cylindrical fibers made up of three subunits coiled around one another
- 1/3 of the bone matrix
collagen fibers
a single unit of collagen protein
reticular fibers
contain the protein elastin
elastic fibers
gel-like matrix with all three fiber types; wraps and cushions organs (type of loose CT)
areolar
gel like matrix, but very sparse, closely packed fat cells, have nucleus pushed to side by large fat droplet
(type of loose CT)
adipose
a fluid CT containing a matrix called plasma and various types of cells
blood
formed as interstitial fluid collected into lymphatic vessels to be brought back to the blood vessels
Lymph
contains few cells, high amounts of fiber, and a ground substance that may contain insoluble calcium salts
supporting CT
firm matrix, collagen fibers form an imperceptible network, chondroblasts produce the matrix when mature lie in lacunae
hyaline cartilage
more elastic fibers in matrix, maintains the shape of a structure while allowing flexibility
elastic cartilage
long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells. function is voluntary movement, locomotion, manipulation of the environment, and facial expressions
skeletal muscle
branching, generally uninucleate cells that interdigitate at specialized junctions
- as it contracts it propels blood into the circulation
cardiac muscle
is specialized conduct electrical signals through the body
neural tissue
the cells that actually transmit electrical signals
neurons
are the supporting cells of the neural tissue
neuroglia
made up of the skeleton and the cartilages, ligaments, and other connective tissues that stabilize them
skeletal system
the connecting region between the epiphyses and diaphysis
metaphysis
these = mature cells
- maintain bone tissue
osteocytes
