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BIOL 150 > lesson 1, lesson 2 (anatominology) > Flashcards

lesson 1, lesson 2 (anatominology) Flashcards

1
Q

the study of structures visible to the unaided eye

A

gross anatomy

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2
Q

structures that can not be seen without magnification

A

microscopic anatomy

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3
Q

first two months of development

A

embryology

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4
Q

considers different types of animals

A

comparative anatomy

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5
Q

anatomical changes during disease

A

medical anatomy

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6
Q

considers all structures in a specific area of the body whether they are superficial or deep

A

regional anatomy

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7
Q

the study of anatomy one organ system at a time

A

systemic anatomy

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8
Q

anatomical position

A

standing upright, arms at sides, palms facing forward, feet flat on the floor, face straight ahead

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9
Q

away from the midline

A

lateral

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10
Q

close to the midline

A

medial

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11
Q

in the middle axis of the trunk

A

median

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12
Q

away from the point of attachment

A

distal

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13
Q

close to the point of attachment

A

proximal

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14
Q

toward or at the body’s surface

A

superficial

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15
Q

away from the bodies surface

A

deep

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16
Q

separates superior and inferior portions of the body, sections typically pass through the head and trunk regions

A

transverse section

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17
Q

separates right and left portions

A

sagital section

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18
Q

misses the midline, separating right and left portions of unequal size

A

parasagital section

19
Q

separates anterior and posterior portions of the body

A

frontal section

20
Q

what does the abdominal cavity consist of?

A

stomach, liver, pancreas, gallbladder, small intestine, large intestine, kidneys, spleen, and rectum

21
Q

what does the thoracic cavity consist of?

A

lungs, bronchi, trachea, heart, and esophagus

22
Q

the study of cells

A

cytology

23
Q

visible light passes through the cell

A

light microscopy

24
Q

a beam of electrons passes through thin slice of specimen

A

transmission electron microscopy

25
Q

beam of electrons bounces off surface of the cell to provide a 3D image of the cell surface

A

scanning electron microscopy

26
Q

what are the three basic parts of a human cell?

A

plasma membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm

27
Q

this serves as a selective barrier that regulates the passage of gases, nutrients, and wastes between the internal and external environments of the cell

A

plasma membrane

28
Q

most common liid in plasma membrane, each of these have a polar and non polar region

A

phospholipid

29
Q

complex molecules made of amino acid chains

A

proteins

30
Q

embedded in phospholipid bilayer, span the entire thickness of the membrane

also termed transmembrane proteins

A

integral proteins

31
Q

not embedded in the lipid bilayer, loosely attached o the external and internal surface of the plasma membrane

A

peripheral proteins

32
Q

a viscous, syrup like fluid containing many different dissolved substances such as nutrients, proteins, carbs

A

cytosol

33
Q

large storage aggregations of complex molecules found in the cytosol

A

inclusions

34
Q

means “little organs”

A

organelles

35
Q

a network of intracellular membrane bound tunnels

A

endoplasmic reticulum

36
Q

functions include synthesis, transport, and storage of lids including steroid hormones

A

smooth ER

37
Q

walls appear rough due to the attachment of ribosomes on outside of the membrane, functions to synthesize, transport, or store proteins

A

rough ER

38
Q

function is to receive proteins and lipids from the RER for modification, sorting, and packaging

stacked cistern whose lateral edges bulge, pinch off, and give rise to small transport and secretary vesicles

A

Golgi apparatus

39
Q

bean shaped organelles with double membrane

function to produce a high energy containing molecule called ATP on the Cristal

A

mitochondria

40
Q

proteins organized in the cytosol as solid filaments of hollow tubes

A

cytoskeleton

41
Q

control center for cellular activity, composed of three major components

DNA, Nucleoli, chromatin

A

nucleus

42
Q

double membrane structure, controls entry and exit of molecules from nucleus and cytoplasm

A

nuclear envelope

43
Q

selectively permeable channels that allow specific molecules in and out of the nucleus

A

nuclear pores

44
Q

dark, staining bodies within the nucleus, responsible for making the components of the small and large units of ribosome

A

nucleoli

BIOL 150 (4 decks)

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