Lesson 6 - CyberSecurity and Networking Terms

Question 1

What is Access Control Lists (ACLs)

Answer 1

A list of rules that specifies which users or systems are granted or denied access to a particular object or system resource.

Question 2

What is Adware?

Answer 2

Automatic delivery and display of advertising material.

Question 3

What is Antivirus?

Answer 3

Software designed to detect, stop, and remove viruses and other kinds of malicious software.

Question 4

What is Backdoors?

Answer 4

Secret or hidden methods of bypassing normal authentication to gain access to a computer system.

Question 5

What is Baiting?

Answer 5

A type of social engineering attack that lures a victim into a trap with the promise of a reward.

Question 6

What is Blockchain?

Answer 6

A system of recording information in a way that makes it difficult or impossible to change, hack, or cheat the system.

Question 7

What are Bugs?

Answer 7

Errors or faults in a program that produce incorrect or unexpected results.

Question 8

What is Cyber Hygiene?

Answer 8

Practices and steps users take to maintain system health and
improve online security.

Question 9

What is Decryption?

Answer 9

The process of converting encrypted data back into its original
form.

Question 10

What is Encryption?

Answer 10

The process of converting data into a code to prevent
unauthorized access.

Question 11

What is a Firewall?

Answer 11

A network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

Question 12

What is Hashing?

Answer 12

A process that takes an input (or ‘message’) and returns a fixed-size string of bytes.

Question 13

What is an Intrusion?

Answer 13

Unauthorized access to a digital network or system.

Question 14

What is an Intrusion Detection System (IDS)?

Answer 14

A system designed to detect unauthorized
access to a network.

Question 15

What is an Intrusion Prevention System (IPS)?

Answer 15

A system designed to prevent unauthorized access to or from a network.

Question 16

What is an IP Address?

Answer 16

A unique string of numbers and/or letters that identifies a device on a network.

Question 17

What is an IPv4?

Answer 17

An IP Addressing scheme that uses a 32-bit address space.

Question 18

What is an IPv6?

Answer 18

A newer IP Addressing scheme that uses a 128-bit address space.

Question 19

What is a Keyloggers?

Answer 19

Surveillance technology used to monitor and record each
keystroke typed on a specific computer’s keyboard.

Question 20

What is a MAC Address?

Answer 20

A hardware identification number that uniquely identifies
each device on a network.

Question 21

What is Microsegmentation?

Answer 21

A method of creating secure zones in data centers and
cloud deployments that allows companies to isolate workloads and secure them individually.

Question 22

What is Multi-Factor Authentication?

Answer 22

An authentication method in which a user is granted access only after successfully presenting two or more pieces of evidence (or factors) to an authentication mechanism.

Question 23

What is a Network Address Translation (NAT)?

Answer 23

A method of remapping one IP address space into another by modifying network address information in the IP header of packets.

Question 24

What is an OSI Model?

Answer 24

A conceptual model that characterizes and standardizes the
communication functions of a telecommunication or computing system.

Question 25

What is Penetration Testing?

Answer 25

A simulated cyber attack against a system to check for vulnerabilities.

Question 26

What is Phishing?

Answer 26

A technique used by hackers to obtain sensitive information by disguising as a trustworthy entity.

Question 27

What is Pretexting?

Answer 27

A type of social engineering where attackers focus on creating a good pretext, or a fabricated scenario, that they can use to try and steal their victims' personal information.

Question 28

What are Privileges?

Answer 28

The access rights or permissions that a user has to a computer or network.

Question 29

What are Program Flaws?

Answer 29

Errors or defects in a software program that can expose it to possible exploitation.

Question 29

What is a Public Key Infrastructure (PKI)?

Answer 29

A set of roles, policies, and procedures needed to create, manage, distribute, use, store, and revoke digital certificates and manage public-key encryption.

Question 30

What is Ransomware?

Answer 30

A type of malicious software designed to block access to a computer system until a sum of money is paid.

Question 31

What is a Router?

Answer 31

A device that forwards data packets along networks.

Question 32

What is Scareware?

Answer 32

A type of malware designed to trick victims into buying and downloading unnecessary and potentially dangerous software.

Question 33

What is Social Engineering?

Answer 33

Techniques used by attackers to manipulate individuals into divulging confidential or personal information.

Question 34

What is Software-Defined Networking (SDN)?

Answer 34

An approach to network management that enables dynamic, programmatically efficient network configuration.

Question 35

What is Spyware?

Answer 35

Software that secretly gathers user information through the user's internet connection without their knowledge.

Question 36

What is Tailgating?

Answer 36

When an unauthorized person follows an authorized person into a restricted area or system without the consent or knowledge of the authorized person.

Question 37

What are "Trojan Horses" in Tech?

Answer 37

Malicious programs that misrepresent themselves to appear useful, routine, or interesting in order to persuade a victim to install it.

Question 38

What is User Identification?

Answer 38

Unique representation of a user (like a username) on a system.

Question 39

What is a VPN (Virtual Private Network)?

Answer 39

A secured private network connection built on top of a public network to protect and encrypt data.

Question 40

What are Viruses?

Answer 40

A type of malicious software that, when executed, replicates itself by modifying other computer programs and inserting its own code.

Question 41

What is a Zero Trust Model?

Answer 41

A security concept centered on the belief that organizations should not automatically trust anything inside or outside its perimeters and instead must verify anything and everything trying to connect to its systems before granting access.