Lesson 1 - SE Glossary - Technical Terms

Question 1

API (Application Programming Interface)

Answer 1

A set of protocols, routines, and tools for building software applications, defining how different components interact with each other.

Question 2

Artificial intelligence (AI)

Answer 2

The simulation of human intelligence processes by computer systems, including learning, reasoning, perception, and natural language processing, to automate tasks, improve decision-making, and enhance user experiences.

Question 3

Amazon Web Services (AWS)

Answer 3

A suite of cloud computing services offered by Amazon.

Their services span IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS models of cloud computing.

IaaS = Infrastructure as a Service

PaaS = Platform as a Service

SaaS = Software as a Service

Question 4

Big data

Answer 4

The large volume of structured and unstructured data that inundates a
business on a day-to-day basis, and the technology and techniques used to
process, store, and analyze it to extract valuable insights and business
intelligence.

Question 5

Business Intelligence (BI)

Answer 5

The use of software and data analytics to extract insights from business data
and support decision-making.

Question 6

Bug

Answer 6

A software bug is a problem causing a program to crash or produce invalid
output.

It is caused by insufficient or erroneous logic and can be an error,
mistake, defect or fault.

Question 7

Cloud computing

Answer 7

The delivery of computing services—including servers, storage, databases, networking, software, analytics, and intelligence—over the internet to offer faster innovation, flexible resources, and economies of scale.

Question 8

Cloud as a Service (CaaS/Cloud Service)

Answer 8

Cloud computing terms CAAS or Cloud Services refers to any resource that is made available to an end user over a network, typically the internet.

The most common cloud service resources include:

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Software as a Service (SaaS).

Question 9

Cybersecurity

Answer 9

The practice of protecting computer systems, networks, devices, and data from theft, damage, unauthorized access, or other forms of cyber attacks.

Question 10

Data management

Answer 10

The process of organizing, storing, protecting, sharing, and analyzing data across the enterprise, including data governance, data quality, data integration, and data visualization.

Question 11

DevOps

Answer 11

The practice of combining development (Dev) and operations (Ops) teams to streamline the software development lifecycle, improve collaboration, and accelerate deployment through continuous integration, delivery, and
monitoring.

Question 12

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP)

Answer 12

A software system that integrates business processes and data across multiple departments and functions, such as finance, human resources, and supply chain management.

Question 12

Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Answer 12

A cloud computing service model that provides virtualized computing
resources, including servers, storage, and networking, over the internet.

Question 13

Internet of Things (IoT)

Answer 13

The network of physical devices, vehicles, home appliances, and other items embedded with sensors, software, and connectivity that enable them to collect and exchange data over the internet.

Question 14

Microsoft Azure

Answer 14

Windows Azure is Microsoft’s cloud computing platform.

It offers both IaaS and PaaS services.

Question 15

Network Infrastructure

Answer 15

The hardware and software that supports the connectivity, communication, and management of devices, systems, and applications within a network.

Question 16

Open Source

Answer 16

Software that is distributed with its source code and is free to use, modify, and
distribute under an open license.

Question 17

Platform as a Service (PaaS)

Answer 17

A cloud computing service model that provides a platform for developing, deploying, and managing applications, without the need to manage the underlying infrastructure.

Question 18

Private Cloud

Answer 18

A cloud computing model in which the cloud infrastructure and services are dedicated to a single organization, either on-premises or hosted by a third-party provider.

Question 19

Public Cloud

Answer 19

A cloud computing model in which the cloud provider makes resources available to the general public over the internet, typically using a pay-as-you-go pricing model.

Question 20

Software as a Service (SaaS)

Answer 20

A software delivery model in which a third-party provider hosts applications and makes them available to customers over the internet, eliminating the need for organizations to install and maintain software on their own servers.

Question 21

Solution Architect

Answer 21

A professional who is responsible for designing, developing, and implementing effective and efficient technology solutions for an organization.

They are responsible for understanding the needs of the business and designing solutions that meet those needs, while also taking into
consideration the organization’s existing technology infrastructure, security,
scalability, and performance.

Question 22

Virtualization

Answer 22

The creation of a virtual version of something, such as an operating system, a server, a storage device, or a network, to enable multiple resources to share a single physical instance.

Question 23

Virtual Machine (VM)

Answer 23

Software computer that runs an application environment or full operating system while exhibiting the behavior of physical hardware.

A VM provides end users with the same experience as dedicated hardware.

It typically comprises a set of configuration and specification files and is backed by the physical resources of a host.