Lesson 6 - Cardiovascular Hemodynamics Flashcards
In relation to valves, when does Systole occur?
Begins at MV closure, ends at AV closure
In relation to an ECG, when does Systole occur?
Peak of the R wave to the end of the T wave
In relation to valves, when does Diastole occur?
Begins at AV closure, ends at MV closure
In relation to an ECG, when does Diastole occur?
End of T wave to peak of R wave
In which cardiac phase (of the 7) is LV volume lowest?
Reduced ejection and isovolumetric relaxation
What are the 7 cardiac phases and their rough order?
- Atrial Systole
- Isovolumetic Contraction
- Rapid Ejection
- Reduced Ejection
- Isovolumetic Relaxation
- Rapid Filling
- Reduced Filling
What are the valves doing in ATRIAL SYSTOLE?
AV valves open
Ao/PA valves closed
What are the valves doing in ISOVOLUMETRIC CONTRACTION?
All valves closed!
What are the valves doing in RAPID EJECTION?
Ao/PA valves open
AV valves closed
When is peak systolic pressure reached?
During RAPID EJECTION
Which phase has the LV volume rapidly decreasing?
RAPID EJECTION
What are the valves doing in REDUCED EJECTION?
Ao/PA valves open
AV valves closed
At what phase do the Aortic valve close, concluding ventricular systole?
REDUCED EJECTION
What phase is on the onset of Diastole?
ISOVOLUMETIC RELAXATION
What are the valves doing in ISOVOLUMETRIC RELAXATION?
All closed!
What phase of the cardiac cycle has LV pressure fall rapidly due to relaxation?
ISOVOLUMETRIC RELAXATION
In ISOVOLUMETRIC RELAXATION, the LA pressure ____________ from the increasing volume of blood from the pulmonary veins.
increases
What are the valves doing in RAPID FILLING?
AV valves open
Ao/PA valves closed
LV pressure falls below the LA pressure, causing the MV to ______, allowing rapid passive filling.
open
Which phase has a lovely suction effect?
Rapid filling due to the LV relaxation, and the LA maximally filled at the MV opening
The LA pressure _________ once the MV opens but ___________ due to the continuous flow from the pulmonary veins.
decreases
levels off
What phase is also known as Ventricular Diastasis?
REDUCED FILLING
REDUCED FILLING is also known as…
Ventricular Diastasis
What phase do the ventricles continue to fill with blood and expand, and become less compliant?
REDUCED FILLING
What is the normal pressure value in the RA?
4
What is the normal pressure value in the RV?
25/4
What is the normal pressure value in the LA?
8
What is the normal pressure value in the LV?
120/8
What is the normal pressure value in the PA?
25/10
What is the normal pressure value in the Ao?
120/80
What is the equation for Cardiac Output?
Stroke volume x heartrate
