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MIDS 197 - cardiac I > Lesson 1 - Intro to Echocardiography > Flashcards

Lesson 1 - Intro to Echocardiography Flashcards

1
Q

During which part of the cardiac cycle (diastole/systole) do the coronary arteries fill?

A

Diastole

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2
Q

What is the quality of echo partly determined by?

A

Correct transducer preset.
Depth
Frequency
Frame rate gains

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3
Q

What is the biggest advantage with M mode?

A

Highest frame rate for accurate evaluation of ventricular motion and opening/closing of cardiac calves

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4
Q

Does Colour Doppler assess cardiac hemodynamics qualitatively or quantitatively?

A

Qualitative

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5
Q

Is Spectral Doppler PW quantitatively assessing or qualitatively assessing hemodynamics?

A

Quantitative

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6
Q

Is Continuous Wave PW quantitative or qualitative?

A

Quantitative

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7
Q

How far is PLAX’s depth set past the DTA? (Descending Thoracic Aorta - or DA, Descending Aorta)

A

1cm

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8
Q

Name the structures visualized in PLAX.

A
  1. Left Ventricle
  2. IVS
  3. Posterior Wall
  4. RVOT
  5. AoV (RCC + NCC)
  6. Aorta (Sinus of Valsalva, Sinotubular Junction, Proximal Ascending Aorta)
  7. Left Atrium
  8. Mitral Valve (anterior and posterior MV leaflets)
  9. Descending Aorta
  10. Coronary Sinus
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9
Q

Is the NCC anterior or posterior to the RCC in PLAX?

A

Posterior

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10
Q

What does the Mitral Valve connect to?

A

Chordae tendineae, which connects to the papillary muscles

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11
Q

What anatomy do you see in RVIT?

A

Right Ventricle
Right Atrium
Coronary Sinus
IVC
Tricuspid Valve (Anterior and Posterior Valve Leaflet)

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12
Q

What view do you assess for presence of a Chiari network or Eustachian valve?

A

RVIT

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13
Q

What structures are visualized in the RVOT?

A
  1. RVOT
  2. Pulmonary Valve
  3. Main Pulmonary Artery
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14
Q

How might you optimize your imaging window of the RVOT?

A

Translate one rib space higher

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15
Q

What can you potentially visualize in HPLAX?

A
  1. Aortic root
  2. RCC and NCC
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16
Q

Imaging planes in PSAX are accessed by:

A

angling superiorly or inferiorly through the LV

17
Q

PSAX at the level of the AoV is called the _____ of the heart.

A

base

18
Q

What structures are we seeing in PSAX - AoV level?

A
  1. Aortic Valve (all 3 leaflets; RCC, LCC, NCC)
  2. Right atrium
  3. Tricuspid Valve
  4. RVOT
  5. Pulmonary Valve
  6. Main Pulmonary Artery
  7. Left Atrium
  8. Inter-atrial Septum
  9. Superior Vena Cava
19
Q

What structures can occasionally be visualized in PSAX - AoV?

A

left atrial appendage (LAA)
RCA (right coronary artery)
LMCA (left main coronary artery)

20
Q

What view determines if the AoV is bicuspid or tricuspid?

A

PSAX - AoV

21
Q

If you want to see the RVOT in greater detail, how do you adjust?

A

Translate up one rib space higher

22
Q

What structures are visible in the PSAX MV level?

A
  1. Mitral Valve (Anterior MV leaflet, posterior MV leaflet)
  2. Mitral Scallops
  3. Left Ventricle
  4. Right Ventricle
23
Q

PSAX at the MV level visualizes what segment of the heart?

A

Mid

24
Q

What structures are seen in PSAX Pap muscle level?

A
  1. Right Ventricle
  2. IVS
  3. Anterolateral Pap Muscle
  4. Posteromedial Pap Muscle
  5. Mid-Ventricular Wall segments
    (Anterior, Anteroseptal, Inferoseptal, Inferior wall, Inferolateral, Anterolateral) - AAAIII
25
Q

PSAX at the PM level visualizes which segment of the heart?

A

Mid segment

26
Q

Should the chordae be visualized in the PSAX - PM level?

A

No, should not be visualized

27
Q

In PSAX Apex level, what structures are we visualizing?

A
  1. Apical Ventricular Wall Segments: Anterior, lateral, posterior, septal (SALI)
  2. Right Ventricular Apex
28
Q

What can you occasionally see in the PSAX Apex view?

A

Occasionally False Tendon (a normal variant)

29
Q

PSAX at Apex visualizes what segment of the heart?

A

The apex, duh!

30
Q

What view would you choose to look for an apical thrombus?

A

PSAX Apex

MIDS 197 - cardiac I (8 decks)

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