Lesson 6: Articulations Flashcards
From least movement to most movement order the following – amphiarthrosis, synarthrosis, diarthrosis.
Synarthrosis (cant move), Amphiarthrosis (very limited movement), Diarthroses (synovial joints only). Remember…SAD
What joint is amphiarthrotic?
Most cartilaginous joints are amphiarthrosis e.g. intervertebral discs, pubic symphysis
All fibrous joint are what?
All fibrous joints are connected by fibers and are either synarthrotic or amphiarthrotic.
All synovial joints are what?
All synovial joints are diarthrotic
Name two uniaxial joints
A hinge and pivot joint are uniaxial – e.g. knee and elbow
What are three proprioceptors found in our muscles and joints?
- Muscle spindles (in the muscles) 2. Golgi tendon organs 3. Pacinian corpuscles (found in tendons)
What are bursae and what role do they have within a joint?
Bursa are found around some synovial joints, and are fluid filled sacs that reduce the friction between tendons and other structures around the joint.
Name the type of synovial joint and the movement allowed for the Knee.
Hinge – flexion and extension.
Name the type of synovial joint and the movement allowed for the Elbow.
Hinge – flexion and extension
Name the type of synovial joint and the movement allowed for the Glenohumeral.
Ball and socket – flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction, rotation.
Name the type of synovial joint and the movement allowed for the Intertarsal joints.
Gliding or planar – all directions though only within the plane of the articulating bones i.e. sliding.
Name the type of synovial joint and the movement allowed for the Radioulnar joint (proximal or distal).
Pivot – rotates.
Name the type of synovial joint and the movement allowed for the Carpometacarpal joint of the thumb.
Saddle – flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, circumduction.
Name the type of synovial joint and the movement allowed for the TMJ.
Plane and hinge.
Name the type of synovial joint and the movement allowed for the Interphalangeal joints.
Hinge joints – flexion and extension.
Explain the following diagram and how it relates to muscle force:
The brain sends down action potentials to a muscle that result in fibers contracting. The faster the action potential is sent, the more force is produced by those fibers. Once there is complete tetanus, a faster firing frequency will not result in a larger force.
How can we increase force production in a muscle?
We can send down faster action potentials (ie summation) or we can recruit more fibers (ie recruitment). For maximum force the brain sends down the biggest fastest signal it can. For a very small force it will send down a tiny signal, very slowly. So you get very few fibers firing in incomplete tetanus.
