LESSON 6: ANGLES AND DIRECTIONS MEASUREMENTS Flashcards by Arianna Blas

Q

The direction of a line is described by horizontal angle that it makes with reference line or direction.

A

Meridian

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Q

This is done by referring to a fixed line of reference called?

A

Meridian

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Q

Four Types of Meridian

A

True Meridian
Magnetic Meridian
Grid Meridian
Assumed Meridian

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Q

also known as the astronomic meridian or geographic meridian.

A

True Meridian

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Q

the direction of a line passing through the astronomic north and south poles and the observer’s position.

A

True Meridian

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Q

the direction taken by the magnetized needle of a compass at the observer’s position.

A

Magnetic Meridian

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Q

A type of meridian wherein It is not parallel to the astronomic meridians since they converge at a magnetic pole which is located some distance away from the true geographic poles.

A

Magnetic Meridian

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Q

It is a fixed line of reference parallel to the central meridian of a system of plane rectangular coordinates.

A

Grid Meridian

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Q

is an arbitrary chosen fixed line of reference which is taken for convenience.

A

Assumed Meridian

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Q

this meridian is usually the direction from a survey station to an adjoining stations or some well defined and permanent point.

A

Assumed Meridian

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Q

According to expedient methods of establishing meridians

Establishing magnetic meridians by _________.

A

Compass

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Q

According to expedient methods of establishing meridians

Determining true north by the aid of the _______ and a _________.

A

Sun | plumb line

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Q

According to expedient methods of establishing meridians

Determining true north by the ______ and _______of the sun.

A

Rising | Setting

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Q

According to expedient methods of establishing meridians

Determining true north by _______.

A

Polaris

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Q

According to expedient methods of establishing meridians

Determining _______ by southern cross.

A

True South

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Q

Determining _____________ by a wrist watch.

A

True North or South

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Q

Defined as the horizontal angle the line makes with an established line of reference.

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A

Direction of Lines

Q

Kinds of Angles used in Surveying

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A

Interior Angles
Deflections Angles
Angles to the right
Bearings
Azimuths

Q

Measured to the right clockwise from the preceding line.

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A

Angle to the Right

Q

Bearing is either from ________ or __________ either _________ or____________as per convenience.

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A

north or south | clockwise or anticlockwise

Q

The value of bearing __________

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A

exceed 90-deg

Q

denoted as N ΦΕ or SOW

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A

Bearing

Q

The system of measuring this bearing is known as RB System or ___________?

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A

Reduced Bearing System

Q

Whole circle bearing

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A

Azimuth

Azimuth is always _______either from the __________.

clockwise |north or south end

The value of azimuth varies from?

0º-360°

The system of measuring this bearing is known as WCB System?

Whole Circle Bearing System

A hand-held instrument for determining the horizontal direction of a line with reference to magnetic meridian.

Compass

the ___________of the instrument has a horizontal circle which is graduated from 0-90° in each quadrant. (5-10 minutes reading)

Compass box

usually is fixed along the index mark on the north graduation of the circle.

Line of Sight

the ____________ is of magnetized tampered steel balanced at its center on a jeweled pivot so that it swings freely in the horizontal position.

Compass Needle

7 types of Compass

BRUNTON COMPASS LENSATIC COMPASS SURVEYOR'S COMPASS PLAIN POCKET COMPASS PRISMATIC COMPASS FORESTER'S COMPASS TRANSIT COMPASS

A type of compass that is specialized instrument used widely by those meeting to make accurate deeper & angle measurements in the field (geologist archeologists, environmental engineers & surveyors.

BRUNTON COMPASS

is the typical military field compass, and is principally to measure or layout magnetic bearings.

LENSATIC COMPASS

also known as CICUMFERENTOR is an instrument used in surveying to measure horizontal angles.

SURVEYOR'S COMPASS-

similar to the surveyor's compass, except that it has no sight vanes.

PLAIN POCKET COMPASS

the graduation can be found on a rotating card instead of being on the compass box

PRISMATIC COMPASS

is another type of pocket compass, which is usually made of aluminum or some type of metal which does not affect the free movement and positioning of the magnetic needle.

FORESTER'S COMPASS

the engineer's transit has a compass box which is similar in construction to the surveyor's compass.

TRANSIT COMPASS

Is the horizontal angle and direction by which the needle of a compass deflects from the meridian at any particular locality.

MAGNETIC DECLINATION