Lesson 6 Flashcards
What joint does the clavicle articulate with the sternum to form?
The sternaclyde vehicular joint
The __ articulates with the __ to form the sternaclyde vehicular joint
The clavicle articulates with the sternum
What joint does the clavicle articulate with the acromion of the scapula to form?
The acromioclavicular joint
The ___ articulates with the ___ to form the acromioclavicular joint
The clavicle articulates with the acromion of the scapula
What is the scapula colloqually known as?
The shoulder blade
What is the branchial plexus?
A network of nerves that provides movement and sensation to the shoulder, arm, and hand.
What is the name of the nerve network that provides movement and sensation to the shoulder, arm, and hand?
The branchial plexus
What are the rotator cuff muscles?
The muscles that stabilize the shoulder
What is the name of the muscles that stabilize the shoulder?
The rotator cuff muscles
What are the 4 muscles that make up the rotator cuff muscles?
The subscapularis, teres minor, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus.
The subscapularis, teres minor, supraspinatus, and infraspinatus are the names of the ___ muscles
The rotator cuff muscles
What is the acromion?
The bony process on the scapula that articulates with the clavicle to form the acromioclavicular joint
The acromion is a bony process on the ___
The scapula
What is the name of the bony process on the scapula that articulates with the clavicle to form the AC joint?
The acromion
What is the coracoid?
The bony process on the scapula that articulates with the coracobrachialis and pectoralis minor
The coracoid is a bony process on the ___
The scapula
What is the name of the bony process on the scapula that articulates with the coracobrachialis and pectoralis minor?
The coracoid
What is the glenoid fossa?
A cavity on the lateral border of the scapula that articulates with the humeral head.
What part of the scapula articulates with the humeral head?
The glenoid fossa
What is the medial border?
The part of the scapula which provides insertion sites for the serratus anterior, levator scapulae, rhomboid major and minor muscles.
What part of the scapula provides insertion sites for the serratus anterior, levator scapulae, rhomboid major and minor muscles?
The medial border
What is the humerus?
A long bone in the arm that runs from the shoulder to the elbow
What bone runs from the shoulder to the elbow?
The humerus
What has the largest range of motion of any of the synovial joints?
The glenohumeral/shoulder joint
What joint does the humerus articulate with the scalpula to form?
The glenohumeral/shoulder joint
The __ articulates with the __ to form the glenohumeral joint
The humeral head articulates with the glenoid cavity of the scapula
What joint does the humerus articulate with the ulna to form?
The elbow joint
The __ articulates with the __ to form the elbow joint
The humerus articulates with the ulna
What separates the humeral head from the greater and lesser tubercles?
The anatomical neck
Where is the surgical neck of the humerus located?
Below the greater and lesser tubercles
Where is the anatomical neck of the humerus located?
Below the head of the humerus
What is the axilliary nerve involved in?
The innervation of the deltoid muscle/the shoulder muscle and the teres minor/a rotator cuff muscle
What happens when the surgical neck of the humerus is fractured?
The axiliary nerve is compromised, affecting abduction of the arm.
When the __ neck of the humerus is fractured, the axilliary nerve is compromised, affecting abduction of the arm
The surgical neck
When the surgical neck of the humerus is fractured, the __ nerve is compromised, affecting abduction of the arm
The axillary nerve
What is the capitulum?
The lateral condyle of the humerus that articulates with the lateral radius of the forearm
What is the name of the humeral condyle that articulates with the lateral radius of the forearm?
The capitulum
What does the capitulum articulate with?
The lateral radius of the forearm
The ___ of the humerus is where the extensor muscles of the forearm are going to attach
The capitulum
What forearm muscles attach to the capitulum of the humerus?
The extensor muscles
What is the trochlea?
The medial condyle of the humerus that articulates with the medial ulna of the forearm
What is the name of the humeral condyle that articulates with the medial ulna of the forearm?
The trochlea
What does the trochlea articulate with?
The medial ulna of the forearm
The __ of the humerus is where the flexor muscles of the forearm are going to attach
The trochlea
What forearm muscles attach to the trochlea of the humerus?
The flexor muscles
What rotator cuff muscles is the greater tubercle of the humerus attached to?
The supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor
What rotator cuff muscles is the lesser tubercle of the humerus attached to?
The subscapularis
What nerve is hit when you hit your “funny” bone?
The ulnar nerve
What are tubercles?
A build up of bone which typically indicates that a muscle will attach
What does it mean if a tubercle is large?
That more muscles will attach
What long bones make up the forearm?
The ulna and radius
The __ makes up the lateral forearm whereas the __makes up the medial forearm
The radius; the ulna
How do the radius and ulna differ?
The radius
- Makes up the lateral forearm
- Has a small proximal end and a big distal end
- Shorter and more moveable
The ulna
- Makes up the medial forearm
- Has a big proximal end and a small distal end.
- Longer and less moveable
Compared to the radius, the ulna has a __ (big/small) proximal end and a __ (big/small) distal end.
A big proximal end; a small distal end.
Compared to the ulna, the radius has a __ (big/small) proximal end and a __ (big/small) distal end.
A small proximal end; a big distal end
Is the ulna or radius shorter and more moveable?
The radius
The head of the radius is placed within the ___ and enwrapped with the ___ligament forming the ___ joint
The radial notch of the ulna; the annular ligament; the proximal radioulnar joint
When you pull your elbow, what part of the forearm pops out of the annular ligament?
The head of the radius
When you pull your elbow, what ligament does the head of the radius pop out of?
The annular ligament
What does the posterior part of the radial tuberosity do?
It serves as the attachment point for the tendon of the biceps brachii
What is an attachment point for the tendon of the biceps brachii?
The radial tuberosity
What are the carpal bones?
The 8 wrist bones that connect the hand to the forearm
What bones connect the hand to the forearm?
The carpal bones
How many carpal bones are there?
8
What 4 bones is the proximal row of the carpal bones made up of?
The scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform bones
The scaphoid, lunate, triquetrum, and pisiform bones make up the __ row of carpal bones
The proximal row
Which carpal bones articulate with the radius to form the radiocarpal joint?
The scaphoid, lunate, and triquetrum bones
Which carpal bone is associated with the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon?
The pisiform bone
The pisiform bone of the carpal bones is associated with the __ tendon
The flexor carpi ulnaris tendon
What 4 bones is the distal row of the carpal bones made up of?
The trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate bones
The trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, and hamate bones make up the __ row of carpal bones
The distal row
Give an example of a sesamoid bone
The kneecap/patella
What is a sesamoid bone?
A bone within a muscle or tendon near joint surfaces
What are the metacarpals?
5 hand bones between the phalanges and the carpal bones
What bones are between the phlanges and carpal bones?
The metacarpals
How many metacarpal bones are there?
5
What are the phlanges of the hand?
The 14 bones in the fingers of each hand
What bones are in the fingers of each hand?
The phlanges
How many hand phlanges are there?
14
The proximal row of the hand phlanges is made up of __ bones, the intermediate row_, and distal row _
Proximal row:5
Intermediate row:4
Distal row: 5
What is the coxal bone colloqually known as?
The hip bone/pelvic bone
What bones make up the coxal bone?
The ilium, ischium, and pubis bones
The ilium, ischium, and pubis bones make up the ___ bone
The coxal bone
How is the coxal bone different in adults and juveniles?
The ilium, ischium, and pubis bones are fused in adults, not juveniles
What is the anterior superior iliac spine?
A bony projection of the iliac bone that provides attachment for the inguinal ligament, and the sartorius muscle.
What ligaments and muscles does the anterior superior iliac spine provide attachment for?
The inguinal ligament and the sartorius muscle.
What is the name of the bony projection that provides attachment for the inguinal ligament and the sartorius muscle?
The anterior superior iliac spine
What is the orburator foramen?
The opening between the ischium and pubis
What is the name of the opening between the ischium and pubis?
The obturator foramen
What is the largest foramen in the body?
The obturator foramen
What is the ischial tuberosity?
A part of the ischium that provides attachment for the posterior thigh muscles and carries the weight of the body when sitting.
What muscles does the ischial tuberosity provide attachment for?
The posterior thigh muscles
What part of the coxal bone carries the weight of the body when sitting down?
The ischial tuberosity
What is the name of the part of the ischium that provides attachment for the posterior thigh muscles?
The ischial tuberosity
What is the longest and widest nerve in the body?
The sciatic nerve
Which nerve runs from the lower back to the feet?
The sciatic nerve
What is the sciatic nerve?
The longest and widest nerve in the body which runs from the lower back to the feet
What is the acetabulum?
A cavity where the ilium, pubis, and ischium bones of the coxal bone converge
What is the name of the cavity where the ilium, pubis, and ischium bones converge?
The acetabulum
What is the femur colloqually known as?
The thigh bone
What does the femural head articulate with?
The acetabulum of the coxal bone
What does the acetabulum of the coxal bone articulate with?
The femural head
When the neck of the ___ bone is fractured, a broken hip results
The femur bone
What happens when the neck of the femur is fractured?
A broken hip
What is the linea aspera?
A ridge on the femural body that attaches to the hip adductors
What is the name of the ridge on the femural body that attaches to the hip adductors?
The linea aspera
What does the linea aspera attach to?
The hip adductors
What is the greater trochanter?
A bony projection of the femur that is attached to the piriformis muscle and gluteus medius and minimus muscles
What is the name of the bony projection that is attached to the piriformis and gluteus medius and minimus?
The greater trochanter of the femur
What muscles does the greater trochanter of the femur attach to?
The piriformis muscle and gluteus medius and minimus muscles
What is the lesser trochanter?
A bony projection of the femur that is attached to the iliopsoas muscle
What is the name of the bony projection attached to the iliopsoas?
The lesser trochanter of the femur
What muscles does the lesser trochanter of the femur attach to?
The iliopsoas muscle
What is the iliopsoas muscle involved in?
The flexion of the hip joint
What muscle is involved in the flexion of the hip joint?
The iliopsoas muscle
What is the patella colloqually known as?
The kneecap
What is the name of the bone embedded within the quadriceps femoris tendon?
The patella
Is the tibia or fibula wider and more weight bearing?
The tibia
What is the tibia colloqually known as?
The shin bone
What is the name of the flat top part of the tibia?
The tibial plateau
What is the tibial plateau?
The flat top part of the tibia.
What is the intercondylar eminence?
The bony region on the superior surface of the tibia where the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) attaches
What does ACL stand for?
The anterior cruciate ligament
What is the name of the bony region on the superior surface of the tibia where the ACL and the PCL attaches?
The intercondylar eminence
Where does the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) attach?
The intercondylar eminence of the tibia
What ligaments does the intercondylar eminence of the tibia attach to?
The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) and the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
What is the tibial tuberosity?
A bump under the tibial plateau where the patellar ligament attaches
What is the name of the bump under the tibial plateau where the patellar ligament attaches?
The tibial tuberosity
What ligament does the tibial tuberosity attach to?
The patellar ligament
What does the patellar ligament attach to?
The tibial tuberosity
What is the soleal line?
A ridge on the posterior surface of the tibia where the soleus muscle attaches
What is the name of the ridge on the posterior surface of the tibia where the soleus muscle attaches?
The soleal line
What does the soleal line attach to?
The soleus muscle
What is the soleus muscle involved in?
Plantar flexing
What muscle is involved in plantar flexing?
The soleus muscle
What is the lateral malleolus?
The most distal portion of the fibula that articulates with the talus forming a part of the ankle joint
What is the fibula colloqually known as?
The calf bone
What is the name of the most distal portion of the fibula that articulates with the talus?
The lateral malleolus
What articulates with the talus?
The lateral malleolus of the fibula
What does the lateral malleolus attach to?
The talus
What 7 bones make up the tarsal bones?
The talus, calcaneous, navicular, cuboid bones and the medial, intermediate, and lateral cuneiform bones
How many tarsal bones are there?
7
The talus, calcaneous, navicular, cuboid, medial/intermediate/lateral cuneiform bones make up the __ bones
The tarsal bones
Which tarsal bone forms the ankle joint?
The talus
What joint does the talus bone of the tarsal bones form?
The ankle joint
Which tarsal bone forms the heel bone?
The calcaneous
What bone does the calcaneus bone of the tarsal bones form?
The heel bone
What tarsal bone does the Achilles tendon attach to?
The calcaneous
What tendon does the calcaneous bone of the tarsal bones attach to?
The Achilles tendon
How many metatarsals are there?
5
What are the phlanges of the foot?
The 14 bones in the toes of each foot
What bones are in the toes of each foot?
The phalanges
How many foot phalanges are there?
14
