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ZOOLOGY > LESSON 6 > Flashcards

LESSON 6 Flashcards

1
Q
  • Basic and fundamental unit of life, it possesses a highly organized structure that enables it to carry out its vital functions.
A

CELL

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2
Q

2 TYPES OF CELL

A

PROKARYOTIC
EUKARYOTIC

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3
Q
  • Lack a defined nucleus
A

Prokaryotic

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4
Q

Dispersed genetic material in the cytoplasm.

A

prokaryotic

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5
Q
  • Have a defined nucleus
A

Eukaryotic

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6
Q
  • Cellulose cell wall; chloroplasts and vacuoles.
A

Plant

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7
Q
  • Rigid cell wall; may have flagella.
A

Animal

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8
Q
  • They can have a cell wall, without differentiated tissues.
A

Protists

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9
Q
  • Chitin Cell Wall; they are heterotrophs.
A

Fungal

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10
Q

largest cell

A

ostrich egg cell

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11
Q

smallest cell

A

mycoplasma

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12
Q

An organelle that houses DNA, located in the center of eukaryotic cells.

A

cell nucleus

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13
Q

Its primary function is to store and safeguard genetic information, controlling gene expression and DNA replication.

A

cell nucleus

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14
Q

It also contains the nucleolus, which is involved in ribosome synthesis.

A

cell nucleus

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15
Q

cell nucleus It also contains the ______, which is involved in ribosome synthesis.

A

nucleolus

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16
Q

A gelatinous liquid that fills the cell

A

cytoplasm

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17
Q

Contains cell organelles

A

cytoplasm

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18
Q

Protects the organelles from any damage

A

cytoplasm

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19
Q

Rod-shaped/oval
Has inner and outer membrane

A

mitochondria

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20
Q

Powerhouse of the cell

A

mitochondria

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21
Q

Has their own DNA (mtDNA) because maternal egg donates most of the cytoplasm to embryo

A

mitochondria

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22
Q

Connects the cytoplasm to the nucleus

A

endoplasmic reticulum

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23
Q

Types are smooth and rough ER

A

endoplasmic reticulum

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24
Q

Manufacturing, processing, and transporting of proteins

A

endoplasmic reticulum

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25
is covered of ribosomes
Rough ER
26
synthesize lipids and phospholipids
Smooth ER
27
Made up of two subunits Attached to the ER
ribosome
28
A single replicated cell has about _______ ribosomes
10 million
29
The units are the site for genetic coding into proteins
ribosome
30
Gene that codes for the beta-globin subunit of hemoglobin, which is located on chromosome ____
11
31
Gene that codes for the ______ subunit of hemoglobin, which is located on chromosome 11
beta-globin
32
Round subcellular organelle
lysosome
33
Very acidic containing digestive enzymes
lysosome
34
Has enzyme that breakdown large molecules into smaller molecules that can be utilized by the cell
lysosome
35
The enzyme are active only on the inside of the ______
lysosome
36
Long straight, hollow cylinder filaments of protein tubulin
microtubules
37
microtubules are long straight, hollow cylinder filaments of
protein tubulin
38
Transport organelles
microtubules
39
Provide rigid and organized component of cytoskeleton of the cell
microtubules
39
The main elements that make up the cilia and flagella
microtubules
40
Spherical-shaped and is abundant in cytoplasm
peroxisome
41
Lipid metabolism
peroxisome
42
Involved in chemical detoxification neutralizing body poison
peroxisome
43
Made of strands of filaments
cilia and flagella
44
Example is the sperm cell
cilia and flagella
45
____ lining in epithelial tissues
Cilia
46
Membrane-bound sacs in the cytoplasm
vacuole
47
Store food, water, carbohydrates in the form of sugar and waste materials
vacuole
48
They also remove toxic substances and waste materials from the cell
vacuole
49
transport mechanisms
through the cell membrane simple diffusion facilitated diffusion osmosis active transport
50
Must retain the dissolved materials of the cell to avoid leaking
throught the cell mebrane
51
Should allow necessary exchange of materials into and out of the cell
through the cell membrane
52
Substance moves from a region of high concentration to low concentration
simple diffusion
53
Transport occurs unaided
simple diffusion
54
E.g. Carbon dioxide, oxygen
simple diffusion
55
Molecules cross the membrane due to the presence of permeases
facilitated diffusion
56
facilitated diffusion is where molecules cross the membrane due to the presence of _______
permeases
57
Faster than simple diffusion
facilitated diffusion
58
Each _____________ protein transports only one type of molecule
facilitated diffusion
59
Water molecules can transport through the cell membrane due to difference in the solute concentration
osmosis
60
Excessive _____ - cell shrinkage
exosmosis
61
Excessive ______ - cell swelling and bursting
endosmosis
62
- compartment with higher solute
Hypertonic
63
- lower solute concentration
Hypotonic
64
- Internal solute is equal to external solute
Isotonic
65
Cells move molecules against their concentration gradient
active transport
66
Needs energy
ACTIVE TRANSPORT
67
Example is sodium potassium pump
active transport
68
A group of organelles that works to modify, package, and transport lipids and proteins
Endomembrane System
69
It include the nucleus/nuclear envelope, vesicles, ER and golgi body/apparatus
endomembrane system
70

ZOOLOGY (7 decks)

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