LESSON 4

Question 1

anatomical position of the body parts

Answer 1

anterior
posterior
dorsal
ventral

Question 2

• Near to the head

Answer 2

Anterior

Question 3

• Near to the tail

Answer 3

Posterior (Caudal)

Question 4

• Near to the back

Answer 4

Dorsal

Question 5

• Near to the belly

Answer 5

Ventral

Question 6

different anatomical planes

Answer 6

sagittal plane
coronal plane
transverse plane

Question 7

• anatomical plane that divides the body into left and right halves

Answer 7

Sagittal plane

Question 8

anatomical plane that divides the body into anterior (front) and posterior (back) portions

Answer 8

Coronal plane -

Question 9

• horizontal plane or axial plane, is an anatomical plane that divides the body into superior (upper) and inferior (lower) portions

Answer 9

Transverse plane

Question 10

Transverse plane - horizontal plane or axial plane, is an anatomical plane that divides the body into _______ and ________ portions

Answer 10

superior (upper)
inferior (lower)

Question 11

______ - refer to the overall structural organization and arrangement of body parts

Answer 11

Body plans

Question 12

3 different body plans

Answer 12

asymmetric body plan
radial symmetry body plan
bilateral symmetry body plan

Question 13

Animals whose body does not follow specific pattern or symmetry

Answer 13

asymmetric body plan

Question 14

Lack of any symmetry, where there is no way to divide the body into identical halves.

Answer 14

asymmetric body plan

Question 15

Have body parts that are arranged around a central axis

Answer 15

radial symmetric body plan

Question 16

Their body can be divided into similar halves by multiple planes that pass through their central axis

Answer 16

radial symmetric body plan

Question 17

an organism can be divided into two mirror- image halves along a single plane, known as the sagittal plane

Answer 17

bilateral symmetric body plan

Question 18

This plane runs from the front (anterior) to the back (posterior) of the organism, dividing it into left and right halves.

Answer 18

bilateral symmetric body plan

Question 19

• a fluid-filled body cavity located between the digestive tract and the outer body wall in many animals.

Answer 19

Coelom

Question 20

It serves several important functions and varies in its formation and structure among different animal groups

Answer 20

coelom

Question 21

An ______ is an animal that does not possess a body cavity.

Answer 21

acoelomate

Question 22

Acoelomates have a _______ body plan, meaning that their tissues and organs develop from three primary embryonic cell (germ cell) layers.

Answer 22

triploblastic

Question 23

A ______ is an organism with body cavity that is not derived from the mesoderm, as in a true coelom, or body cavity.

Answer 23

pseudocoelomate

Question 24

A pseudocoelomate is also known as a ________, as the body cavity is derived from the blastocoel, or cavity within the embryo.

Answer 24

blastocoelomate

Question 25

The rest of ______ possess a true _______, a fluid-filled body cavity completely lined by mesoderm

Answer 25

bilaterians coelom

Question 26

functions of coelomates

Answer 26

Support and Structure: Organ System Development: . Circulation:

Question 27

The coelom Provides a ____________ for many invertebrates.

Answer 27

hydrostatic skeleton

Question 28

Coelom Allows for the _______ and ______ of internal organs.

Answer 28

development suspension

Question 29

Coelom Facilitates the circulation of ______ and ________.

Answer 29

fluids nutrients

Question 30

- three primary layers that are formed in the earliest stage of embryonic development

Answer 30

Germ layers

Question 31

3 germ layers

Answer 31

ectoderm mesoderm endoderm

Question 32

the outermost of the three germ layers

Answer 32

ectoderm

Question 33

the epithelia (surface, or lining, tissues) of sense organs

Answer 33

ectoderm

Question 34

the nasal cavity, the sinuses, the mouth (including tooth enamel)

Answer 34

ectoderm

Question 35

the anal canal

Answer 35

ectoderm

Question 36

nervous tissue, including the pituitary body and chromaffin tissue (clumps of endocrine cells)

Answer 36

ectoderm

Question 37

the middle of the three germ layers, or masses of cells.

Answer 37

mesoderm

Question 38

It gives rise to muscle, connective tissue, cartilage, bone, notochord, blood, bone marrow, lymphoid tissue, and to the epithelia (surface, or lining, tissues) of blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, body cavities, kidneys, ureters, gonads (sex organs), genital ducts, adrenal cortex, and certain other tissues.

Answer 38

mesoderm

Question 39

: the innermost of the three germ layers, or masses of cells

Answer 39

Endoderm

Question 40

It gives rise to the epithelium (tissue that covers, or lines, a structure) of the pharynx, including the eustachian tube, the tonsils, the thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, and thymus gland; the larynx, trachea, and lungs; the gastrointestinal tract (except mouth and anus), the urinary bladder, the vagina (in females), and the urethra.

Answer 40

endoderm

Question 41

nervous tissue epidermis cells pigment cells

Answer 41

ectoderm

Question 42

muscle cells skeleton heart, kidney, blood

Answer 42

mesoderm

Question 43

endocrine glands lungs gastrointestinal tract

Answer 43

endoderm